首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Lonely people, it seems, are at greater risk than the gregarious of developing illnesses associated with chronic inflammation, s
Lonely people, it seems, are at greater risk than the gregarious of developing illnesses associated with chronic inflammation, s
admin
2019-06-11
59
问题
Lonely people, it seems, are at greater risk than the gregarious of developing illnesses associated with chronic inflammation, such as heart disease and certain cancers. A paper published last year in the Public Library of Science, Medicine, shows the effect on mortality of loneliness is comparable with that of smoking and drinking after examining the results of 148 previous studies and controlled for factors such as age and pre-existing illness.
Steven Cole of the University of California, Los Angeles, thinks he may know why this is so. He told the American Association for the Advancement of Science meeting in Washington, D.C., about his work studying the expression of genes in lonely people. Dr. Cole harvested samples of white blood cells from both lonely and gregarious people. He then analysed the activity of their genes, as measured by the production of a substance called messenger RNA. This molecule carries instructions from the genes telling a cell which proteins to make. The level of messenger RNA from most genes was the same in both types of people. There were several dozen genes, however, that were less active in the lonely, and several dozen others that were more active. Moreover, both the less active and the more active gene types came from a small number of functional groups.
Broadly speaking, the genes less active in the lonely were those involved in staving off viral infections. Those that were more active were involved in protecting against bacteria. Dr. Cole suspects this could help explain not only why the lonely are iller, but how, in evolutionary terms, this odd state of affairs has come about.
The crucial bit of the puzzle is that viruses have to be caught from another infected individual and they are usually species-specific. Bacteria, in contrast, often just lurk in the environment, and may thrive on many hosts. The gregarious are therefore at greater risk than the lonely of catching viruses, and Dr. Cole thus suggests that past evolution has created a mechanismwhich causes white cells to respond appropriately. Conversely, the lonely are better off ramping up their protection against bacterial infection, which is a bigger relative risk to them.
What Dr. Cole seems to have revealed, then, is a mechanism by which social environment reaches inside a person’ s body and tweaks its genome so that it responds appropriately. It is not that the lonely and the gregarious are genetically different from each other. Rather, their genes are regulated differently, according to how sociable an individual is. Dr. Cole thinks this regulation is part of a wider mechanism that tunes individuals to the circumstances they find themselves in.
What message does Dr. Cole seem to convey by the mechanism?
选项
A、The lonely people differ in genes from the gregarious people.
B、Sociability can adjust a person’ s genome and make it work properly.
C、The lonely people can become sociable if they regulate their genes.
D、Individuals have to find their own ways to adapt to the environment.
答案
B
解析
推断题。根据题干信息定位到最后一段。由本段前三句可知,Cole博士似乎已经揭示出 这样一种机制,社交环境可以影响人们体内的生化活动,调整人体内的基因组以让其做出恰当 的反应。这并非说孤独的人和爱交际的人在基因上有所不同,而是根据交际程度的不同,这两 种人以不同的方式调控各自的基因。归纳上述内容可推断,交际程度能调整人的基因组,使它 得以良好运作,故B项为正确答案。A项与此意矛盾,可排除。C项在原文中并未提及。D项“个 人要找到他们自己的方式来适应环境”不符合Cole博士要表达的意思。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/7E9Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Oneofthebiggesthurdlestogettingmoreelectriccarsontheroadis"rangeanxiety,"theworrypeoplehaveoftheircarbat
Itamazesmewhenpeopleproclaimthattheyarebored.Actually,itamazesmethatIameverbored,orthatanyofusare.With
Formanypeople,emotionsareascarything.【C1】______oftheproblemisthatwejustdon’tknowwhattodowiththem,according
Formanypeople,emotionsareascarything.【C1】______oftheproblemisthatwejustdon’tknowwhattodowiththem,according
Everyhumanbeinghasuniquearrangementofskinonhisfingersandthisarrangementisunchangeable.Scientistsandexpertshav
AsformercolonistsofGreatBritain,theFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesadoptedmuchofthelegalsystemofGreatBritai
AsformercolonistsofGreatBritain,theFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesadoptedmuchofthelegalsystemofGreatBritai
"AtBoozAllen,we’reshapingthefutureofcyber-security,"trumpetsarecruitingmessageonthewebsiteofBoozAllenHamilton
"Projectgold"and"ProjectNexus"soundlikeplansforbankrobberiesormilitaryattacks.Inreality,theyarethenamesforK
随机试题
(2019年聊城茌平区)心理科学研究中应用最广、成就最大的一种方法是()
生产、销售《刑法》第141条至148条所列产品(假药、劣药、有毒、有害食品等),构成该条规定的犯罪,同时又构成生产、销售伪劣产品罪的()
高血压病患者睡眠时突感极度胸闷,气急,大汗淋漓,咳大量粉红色泡沫痰,端坐呼吸,血压26.6/14.7kPa(200/110mmHg),心率110次/分。下列哪项护理是错误的()。
下列存款人中,需要向开户银行提出撤销银行结算账户的申请的有()。
某公司需要招聘一名采购经理。公司人事部门在当地晚报上刊登了一份招聘启事,内容如下:招聘采购经理大专以上学历,3年相关工作经验,较好的英语水平和计算机能力,有高度的工作责任感和沟通协调能力。主要工作职责是联系供货公司,及时准确地在规定时间内将企业各
根据《破产法》的有关规定,下列各项中属于清算组职责的有()。
从社会总成本角度分析社会资本再生产问题的核心是()。
列举教育研究假设的三种分类方式,并简述假设表述的基本要求。
“谷撒地,薯叶枯,青壮炼铁去,收禾童与姑,来年日子怎么过?”这首诗反映的是20世纪50年代末中国农村生活景况。造成这利,状况的主要原因是()。(北航2010翻译硕士)
CREATEDATABASE命令用来建立( )。
最新回复
(
0
)