2. 外语
  3. Listen to the following passage. Write a short English summary of around 150 words of what you have heard. This part of the test

Listen to the following passage. Write a short English summary of around 150 words of what you have heard. This part of the test

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问题 Listen to the following passage. Write a short English summary of around 150 words of what you have heard. This part of the test carries 30 points. You will hear the passage only once. At the end of the recording, you will have 25 minutes to finish this part. You may need to scribble a few notes in order to write your summary satisfactorily.
选项
答案 Advertising is the major financial source for newspapers. The following is an introduction to the normal organization of the advertising department, which usually has two divisions: classified and retail. The first division has usually some Service Clerks who are responsible for proper wording and classifying of the sales. The second division, which is much bigger than the first one, has usually some Graphic Artists, some Typographers, and some Cooperation Coordinators. The Graphic Artist is responsible for the layout design and the Typographer typesetting of the design. The Coordinator liaises between the advertiser and manufacturer of goods as, for example, a manufacturer of a brand of tire may share with an automobile store under certain conditions the funding for advertising of a special sale. There are also some Account Executives for each of the two divisions, who work to solicit businesses. Some big newspapers have even a National Advertising Coordinator, who seeks advertisers of national brands. The major source of revenue for any newspaper is still advertising --subscriber fees are far from adequate for a newspaper to continue publishing. Without enough paid advertising, a newspaper will cease to exist. The advertising department is made up of two divisions: classified and retail. The classified ad department is the one that is most familiar to most. When we call the newspaper office to place an ad to announce a garage sale or sell some used equipment, the Ad Service Clerk is who we talk to concerning the wording we want our ad to say. These clerks are often trained to help the advertiser in selecting the proper wording and classification to produce the best results. Retail ads are the large ads on almost all pages of the newspaper. These ads are for businesses such as grocery stores, department stores, movie houses, and so forth. It is the revenue from these ads that makes or breaks a newspaper financially. A Retail Ad Department is comprised of many highly skilled workers. Though the exact titles will vary from newspaper to newspaper, one such example is a "Graphic Artist." Their job is to design the display ads for their clients. Yes design! What words are larger and bolder than others? Which words can go in smaller type at the bottom? What words go in what font? What graphic elements to use, and so forth. A poorly designed ad will not produce results and tack of results will not bring the client back for more ads. After the ad is designed, the copy is sent to a typographer. This person, using a computer, typesets the ad. The two people often need to go back and forth to resolve potential problems in the compatibility of the ad. An ad can go through several revisions before a final copy is accepted. Another integral member of the Advertising Department is the Cooperation Coordinator. When a local store runs an ad for a national brand product, in most cases, the manufacturer will help share expenses of the ad. For example, if a local automotive store offers a special on a certain brand of fires, often the local store will qualify for some funding from the makers of that brand of tires to help pay for the ad. This funding, usually, is only a small percentage of the ad costs but it certainly helps the retailer. The Cooperation Coordinator is well versed in just which companies offer cooperation funding on which products and under what circumstances. Another important person in the Advertising Department is the Account Executive. In larger newspapers, there is one or more for classified ads and one or more for retail advertising. These people travel from business to business soliciting businesses to advertise in their newspaper. A major city newspaper like Los Angeles or New York City will have literally dozens of these Account Executives. Major newspapers also have a National Advertising Coordinator. These people actively seek advertisers of national brands to place their own ads for their products. We have all seen ads in the daily newspaper for say a certain brand of cereal with a coupon good for so many cents off on a box. In all likelihood, it was the National Advertising Coordinator that secured this ad.
解析     本题型主要考查的是对信息的综合能力，包括对信息脉络层次的把握、重要与非重要信息的取舍等。
    这篇文章主要讲的是报社广告部门的一般组织架构。原文提到了好几个职位，虽然是一般性的介绍，但如果没有相应的感性认识，听的时候应当会有些吃力。如果考生有公司或类似的商业机构的工作经验，理解起来就会容易些。即使题材生疏，如果很好地把握了原文的层次脉络，应当也不会太难。比如，原文开头稍稍做了引导性的介绍后就说“The advertising  department is made up of two divisions：classified and retail”，如果把握了这点，写摘要的时候就不会偏得太远。原文先讲classified ad(分类广告)，再讲retail ad(专题广告)。后者是重点，但两者都是按广告的操作程序来说明的，在这个程序的不同阶段涉及到不同的工作，也就是不同的工作职位，讲完这个大概的流程之后又讲了一些特殊的步骤和职位。掌握这类英文文体的行文特点，对理解会有很大的帮助。写摘要的时候按照以上所述的脉络层次组织主要信息，再补充一些必要的血肉加以连贯，就会是一份好的答卷。
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