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  3. Innovation is key to business survival, and companies put substantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. T

Innovation is key to business survival, and companies put substantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. T

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问题     Innovation is key to business survival, and companies put substantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. There are, nevertheless, people working in luxurious, state-of-the-art centers designed to stimulate innovation who find that their environment doesn’t make them feel at all creative. And there are those who don’t have a budget, or much space, but who innovate successfully.
    Research shows that the fit between an employee’s values and a company’s values makes a difference to what contribution they make and whether, two years after they join, they’re still at the company. One of the most famous photographs in the story of rock n’roll emphasizes the view. The 1956 picture of singer Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hidden story. Sun’s "million-dollar quartet" could have been a quintet. Missing from the picture is Roy Orbison, a greater natural singer than Lewis, Perking or Cash. Sam Phillips, who owned Sun, wanted to revolutionize popular music with songs that fused black and white music, and country and blues. Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis instinctively understood Phillips’s ambition and believed in it, While Orbison wasn’t inspired by the goal, and only ever achieved one hit with the Sun label.
    Molecular biologist James Watson, together with Francis Crick, discovered the structure of DNA, the genetic information carrier of all living organisms. When asked how they had cracked the code ahead of an array of highly accomplished rival investigators, they said they succeeded because they were aware that they weren’t the most intelligent of the scientists pursuing the answer. The smartest scientist was called Rosalind Franklin who was so intelligent she rarely sought advice.
    Writing, visualizing and prototyping can stimulate the flow of new ideas. Scores of research papers and historical events prove that even something as simple as writing deepens every individual’s engagement in the project. It is the reason why all those competitions on breakfast cereal packets encouraged us to write in saying, in no more than 10 words: "I like Kellogg’s Corn Flakes because…" The very act of writing makes us more likely to believe it.
    Many theorists believe the ideal boss should lead from behind, taking pride in collective accomplishment and giving credit where it is due. Leaders should encourage everyone to contribute and simultaneously assure all concerned that every recommendation is important to making the right decision and will be given full attention. The frustrating thing about innovation is that there are many approaches, but no magic formula. However, a manager who wants to create a truly innovative culture can make their job a lot easier by recognizing these psychological realities.
A leader could________to encourage innovation.
选项 A、take various methods
B、find a magic formula
C、do nothing but give employees enough freedom
D、sparkle new ideas
答案A
解析 本题关键词是leader和innovation，问题是：领导者可以通过什么方法激励创新?定位到原文第五段。根据第五段第二、三句，领导者应该鼓励每一位员工贡献一己之力，同时要让所有人确信，他们每个建议对于正确决策都至关重要，都会得到足够重视。令人沮丧的是，有很多方法(many approaches)可以激励创新，但是没有神奇的公式定律(no magic formula)可以参照。选项A中的various methods和原文的many approaches属于相同含义，为正确答案。选项B与原文no magic formula不符，属于正反混淆。选项C、D均属于无中生有，原文并未提及“给员工足够的自由(freedom)”或“新思维(new ideas)”的相关信息。
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