2. 外语
  3. Banks are not ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts; they rely on depositors not to demand payment all at the same time. I

Banks are not ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts; they rely on depositors not to demand payment all at the same time. I

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问题     Banks are not ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts; they rely on depositors not to demand payment all at the same time. If depositors should come to fear that a bank is not sound, that it cannot pay off all its depositors, then that fear might cause all the depositors to appear on the same day. If they did. the bank could not pay all accounts. However, if they did not all appear at once, then there would always be funds to pay those who wanted their money when they wanted it.
    Mrs. Elsie Vaught has told us of a terrifying bank run that she experienced. One day in December of 1928, several banks failed to open in a city where Mrs. Vaught lived. The other banks anticipated a run the next day, and so the officers of the bank in which Mrs. Vaught worked as a teller had enough funds on hand to pay off as many depositors as might apply. The officers simply instructed the tellers to pay on demand. Next morning a crowd gathered in the bank and on the sidewalk outside. The length of the line convinced many that the bank could not possibly pay off everyone. People began to push and then to fight for places near tellers’ windows. Clothing was torn and limbs broken, but the jam continued for hours. The power of the panic atmosphere is evident in the fact that two tellers, though they knew that the bank was sound and could pay out all depositors, nevertheless withdrew the funds in their own accounts. Mrs. Vaught says that she had difficulty restraining herself from doing the same.
A bank run occurs when______.
选项 A、a bank is closed for one or more days
B、too many depositors attempt to draw out their money at one time
C、there is not enough money to pay all of its depositors at one time
D、employees of a bank take their own funds out of the bank
答案B
解析 本题问何时会发生银行挤兑。通读全文，我们可以了解到文章的第一段介绍了银行挤兑发生的原因，而第二段通过实例作者描述了一次银行挤兑的情景。因此，我们可以推断出，A和C两个选择项所讲的是引起银行挤兑的可能原因，但并非一定会引起银行挤兑。D只是文章中所讲述的实例中发生挤兑后的一个结果。只有B中所提到的情况发生时，即有过多的储户想要一次提取存款时，才会必然引发银行挤兑。因此，本题的正确答案是B。
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