2. 外语
  3. 粮食安全(grain security)是指要确保所有需要的人都能获得粮食。日益严峻的气候危机是粮食安全面临的最大挑战。中国是粮食生产大国和人口大国(populous country)，粮食安全正面临着危机。中国城镇化(urbanization)加速发展导

粮食安全(grain security)是指要确保所有需要的人都能获得粮食。日益严峻的气候危机是粮食安全面临的最大挑战。中国是粮食生产大国和人口大国(populous country)，粮食安全正面临着危机。中国城镇化(urbanization)加速发展导

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问题     粮食安全(grain security)是指要确保所有需要的人都能获得粮食。日益严峻的气候危机是粮食安全面临的最大挑战。中国是粮食生产大国和人口大国(populous country)，粮食安全正面临着危机。中国城镇化(urbanization)加速发展导致耕地(arable land)面积减少，大量农村劳动力从事非农业工作，因此很难进一步增加粮食产量。此外。人口老龄化导致农村劳动力缺乏，也给粮食产量增加带来了难度。因此，中国政府应该高度重视粮食安全，保护粮食生产，确保粮食供求平衡。
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答案 Grain security refers to the assurance that grain is available to all those in need. The increasingly serious climate crisis is the greatest challenge to grain security. As a large grain producer and a populous country, China is confronting the crisis of grain security. It is difficult to further increase grain output as the rapid urbanization in China has led to a decline in arable land areas and a large number of rural labor forces taking non-agricultural jobs. In addiction, an aging population contributes to the shortage of rural labor forces, which also brings difficulties to the increase in grain output. Therefore, Chinese government should give top priority to grain security and protect grain production to guarantee the balance between grain supply and demand.
解析 1．在第三句“中国是粮食生产大国……”中，仔细分析可知语义重点在第二个分句，故可把它处理成主句，而第一个分句“中国是粮食生产大国和人口大国”可使用“as+介词短语”结构，译成as a large grain producer and a populous country。“粮食生产大国”不必逐字翻译，可意译为a large grain producer。
2．第四句“中国城镇化加速发展导致耕地面积减少……”中表原因的前两个分句太长．可提炼出主干“……导致……”，故把“中国城镇化加速发展”译为名词短语the rapid urbanization in China，作句子的主语。“耕地面积减少”和“大量农村劳动力从事非农业工作”也译作名词性短语，作句子的宾语，这样句子更显简洁。
3．倒数第二句“人口老龄化导致……”中的最后一个分句可处理成非限制性定语从句．用which also brings difficulties to the increase in gram output来表达，使分句之间语义关联更紧凑。
4．最后一句是中文短句多的典型代表句。仔细分析可发现“高度重视粮食安全”和“保护粮食生产”是并列的动作，而“确保粮食供求平衡”表目的，故把前两个分句处理成主句，最后一个分句处理成目的状语，译作give top priority to grain security and protect grain production to guarantee the balance between grain supply and demand。
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