首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Figuring out if millions of American workers are at risk from on-the-job exposure to hazardous chemicals has long been a thorny
Figuring out if millions of American workers are at risk from on-the-job exposure to hazardous chemicals has long been a thorny
admin
2015-03-25
62
问题
Figuring out if millions of American workers are at risk from on-the-job exposure to hazardous chemicals has long been a thorny scientific problem. Last week, it became a prickly political issue too. Two senior Democrats in Congress demanded that the Bush Administration kill a proposal to change how the Department of Labor conducts the risk assessments that underpin worker safety regulations. Senator Edward Kennedy(D-MA)and Representative George Miller(D-CA), who lead Congress’s labor committees, charged that a leaked draft of the proposal shows that the Administration is rushing to " slip through a rule that may have profound negative impacts on worker safety" before leaving office in January.
Labor Department officials reject the charge, saying that the changes they’re proposing—including one that could reduce a worker’s estimated exposure to dangerous substances—are designed to make risk assessments more "consistent, reliable, and transparent." And they say that if the new guidelines move forward, there will be plenty of time to hash out scientific issues.
Critics are skeptical. "There certainly could be an interesting and worthwhile debate about the technical assumptions that go into risk assessment, but you don’t do that by shoving new guidelines out at the last minute," says David Michaels, an epidemiologist and worker safety advocate at George Washington University in Washington, D. C.
The Administration had not publicly released the proposal as Science went to press. But the draft leaked to The Washington Post calls for several changes in how two agencies, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration(OSHA)and the Mine Safety and Health Administration, approach risk assessments. One is bureaucratic: It would require the agencies to do more to notify the public—a move critics claim is designed to entangle new rules in red tape.
Another more
controversial
section calls for altering how regulators calculate a key risk measure called "working life." Currently, in most cases the agencies assume that a person works for 45 years(from age 20 to 65)and use that span to calculate potential total exposure to hazardous substances. From that, they estimate how many workers might get sick or die.
But that approach likely overstates risks, the draft says, because few workers stay in the same job for 45 years. To back that view, it includes statistics showing that less than 5% of American workers stay with the same employer for even 35 years. "Thus, the actual exposure of the overwhelming majority of workers will likely be substantially less" than current methods estimate, according to the proposal. Instead, it calls for basing assessments on studies of how long workers actually work each day, and how long they stay in the same industry.
That may not be a bad idea—but it’s not good enough to dump the 45-year assumption, says Adam Finkel, a former OSHA regulator who now teaches at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey in Piscataway. For one thing, regulators often don’t have the time or money to collect such detailed information—if it actually exists, he says. And just because workers change jobs doesn’t necessarily mean that their exposure risks go down, he adds.
We may infer from Paragraphs 5-7 that
选项
A、Adam Finkel agrees with the idea of the proposal.
B、it is not feasible to get detailed data of the workers’ actual working hours.
C、the way to calculate the risk measure should be changed now.
D、the proposal assumes that one works for 45 years for the same employer.
答案
B
解析
推理判断题。根据题干提示定位至第七段可知,亚当·芬克尔对proposal的内容持异议,故[A]错误;根据第七段第二句For one thing,regulators often don’t have the time or money to collectsuch detailed information可知,这样做不现实,故[B]正确。根据第五至第七段可知,人们对是否要改变计算方法仍有争论,故[C]错误;根据第六段第一句few works stay in the same job for 45years可知,[D]错误。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/9174777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisonly6%theworld’spopulation,butAmericans(1)_____onethirdofalltheenergy(2)___
ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisonly6%theworld’spopulation,butAmericans(1)_____onethirdofalltheenergy(2)___
ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisonly6%theworld’spopulation,butAmericans(1)_____onethirdofalltheenergy(2)___
ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisonly6%theworld’spopulation,butAmericans(1)_____onethirdofalltheenergy(2)___
ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisonly6%theworld’spopulation,butAmericans(1)_____onethirdofalltheenergy(2)___
ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisonly6%theworld’spopulation,butAmericans(1)_____onethirdofalltheenergy(2)___
Untilrecently,mostpopulationgrowthhasoccurredinrelativelydenseurbanenvironments.In【C1】______words,evenifwewerew
Beingagoodparentishardernowthatithaseverbeenbefore.Inpressurizedmodernlives,demandstobeafulfilledindividua
EverysecondintheUnitedStatesalone,morethan250animalsareslaughteredforfood,addinguptomorethan8billionanimal
[A]Notgivingbonustoemployeeswhodeserveit[B]Notgivingpositiveinformation[C]Notlinkingindividualjobstothebig
随机试题
A—actualsoundJ—parallelactionB—close-upK—sceneC—documentaryL—shallow
下列哪种细菌性肺炎一般不出现肺脓肿改变
统计工作的基本步骤分为()。
背景资料:某高土石坝坝体施工项目,业主与施工总承包单位签订了施工总承包合同,并委托了工程监理单位实施监理。施工总承包完成桩基工程后,将深基坑支护工程的设计委托给了专业设计单位,并自行决定将基坑的支护和土方开挖工程分包给了一家专业分包单位施工。专业
下列有关建造合同的会计处理,正确的有()。
根据所给材料回答问题。某学术期刊为32开,正文均单栏排。根据学术期刊版面应该简洁明了、规整易读的总体要求,该刊正文主体文字设定为五号宋体。现拟发表如下一篇文稿,请用直接批注方法作出版式设计。
不正当竞争行为会扰乱社会经济秩序。下列行为中不属于不正当竞争行为的是()。
下列曲目不属于中国十大古典名曲的是()。
Irememberthewaythelighttouchedherhair.Sheturnedherhead,andoureyesmet,amomentaryawarenessinthatraucousfift
RecessionsOnNovember26,2001,thenewsmediaannouncedtheUnitedStateswasofficiallyinarecession,andhadbeensinc
最新回复
(
0
)