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  3. Trash is the talk of Shanghai. Starting Monday, the city will require residents and businesses to sort their waste and recyclabl

Trash is the talk of Shanghai. Starting Monday, the city will require residents and businesses to sort their waste and recyclabl

admin2022-06-13  67
问题     Trash is the talk of Shanghai. Starting Monday, the city will require residents and businesses to sort their waste and recyclables into separate bins. The task is towering; Shanghai generates more than 9 million metric tons of garbage every year and—like every other city, town and village in China—it lacks even a fundamental municipal recycling system.
    As far back as 2000, the Chinese government designated eight cities, including Shanghai, to pilot municipal recycling programs. They all failed miserably. Not only did the cities lack the equipment and facilities to recycle, residents were given no incentives to sort their trash or education in why it was so important. This ignorance persists. A 2018 survey of 3,600 residents of major Chinese cities found that nearly three-quarters could not identify how to properly sort their trash for recycling.
    Importantly, the system in Shanghai is uniquely public and punitive. Residents can only dispose of waste during certain hours, ensuring that neighbors will see who is and who isn’t sorting properly. They must empty food waste into public bins without using bags, so everyone can also see what they’re throwing away. Pines of up to 200 yuan, roughly $30, await those who don’t sort. And officials threaten to cut off garbage collection for whole communities if they don’t abide by the rules.
    At the same time, Shanghai has spent weeks using every possible propaganda tool at its disposal, from social media to local and even national newspapers, to explain how and why residents should recycle. On Sina Weibo, China’s Twitter-like social media service, the subject has repeatedly trended, with reports that the new regulations apply to foreign tourists as well proving particularly popular. Younger Chinese seem to have favorable opinions of the program, though they fear it will be time-consuming.
    Far more will be required. Shanghai and other cities have yet to build the infrastructure needed to manage even properly sorted waste. They require trucks designed to carry sorted recyclables: large, industrial-scale recycling facilities; and environmentally sound incineration and composting sites for the "residual" and organic wastes. This will require years and billions in investment.
    Still, the fact that Shanghai has residents thinking and talking about waste on social media and at home is remarkable progress. It’s also a lesson to other developing countries that the first step in creating a modern waste management system is to educate the public and foster a sense that recycling is a collective civic responsibility. If the world is going to clean up its trash heaps, Shanghai’s new program could well be the model.
Which of the following seems to be the challenge Shanghai faces in sorting the waste?
选项 A、Shortage of necessary infrastructures.
B、Lack of government support.
C、Ignorance of the officials.
D、The citizens’ low level of education.
答案A
解析 细节题。根据“顺序出题”原则，可定位至文章靠前的段落。A项shortage of necessary infrastructures“缺乏必要的基础设施”与第一段最后一句it lacks even a fundamental municipal recycling system “它甚至缺乏基本的市政回收系统”及第二段第三句Not only did the cities lack the equipment and facilities to recycle，residents were given no incentives to sort their trash or education in why it was so important. “不仅城市缺乏回收设备和设施，居民也没有分类垃圾的动力或缺乏垃圾分类为何如此重要的教育”相符，故A项为正确答案；B项lack of government support“缺乏政府的支持”与第二段第一句As far back as 2000, the Chinese government designated eight cities, including Shanghai, to pilot municipal recycling programs. “早在2000年，中国政府就指定了包括上海在内的八座城市作为试点来实施市政回收计划。”相悖，故排除；C项中的officials“官员”与原文第二段最后两句中提到的residents“居民”不符，为偷换概念；D项对应原文第二段第三句，原文只是强调缺乏与垃圾分类重要性相关的教育而非教育本身，本项为扩大范围，故排除。故本题答案为A项。
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