首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Man, so the truism goes, lives increasingly in a man-made environment. This places a special burden on human immaturity, for it
Man, so the truism goes, lives increasingly in a man-made environment. This places a special burden on human immaturity, for it
admin
2011-02-11
106
问题
Man, so the truism goes, lives increasingly in a man-made environment. This places a special burden on human immaturity, for it is plain that adapting to such variable conditions must depend very heavily on opportunities for learning, or whatever the processes are that are operative during immaturity. It must also mean that during immaturity man must master knowledge and skills that are either stored in the gene pool or learned by direct encounter, but which are contained in the culture pool--knowledge about values and history, skills as varied as an obligatory natural language or an optional mathematical one, as mute as levers or as articulate as myth telling.
Yet, it would be a mistake to leap to the conclusion that because human immaturity makes possible high flexibility, therefore anything is possible for the species. Human traits were selected for their survival value over a four--to five-million-year period with a great acceleration of the selection process during the last half of that period. There were crucial, irreversible changes during that final man-making period: recession of formidable dentition, 50 percent increase in brain volume, the obstetrical paradox- bipedalism and strong pelvic girdle, larger brain through a smaller birth canal--immature brain at birth, and creation of what Washburn has called a "technical-social way of life," involving tool and symbol use.
Note, however, that hominidization consisted principally of adaptations to conditions in the Pleistocene. These preadaptations, shaped in response to earlier habitat demands, are part of man’s evolutionary inheritance. This is not to say that close beneath the skin of man is a naked ape, that civilization is only a veneer. The technical-social way of life is a deep feature of the species adaptation. But we would err if we assumed a priori that man’s inheritance placed no constraint on his power to adapt. Some of the preadaptations can be shown to be presently maladaptive. Man’s inordinate fondness for fats and sweets no longer serves his individual survival well. And the human obsession with sexuality is plainly not fitted for survival of the species now, however well it might have served to population the upper Pliocene and the Pleistocene. Nevertheless, note that the species responds typically to these challenges by technical innovation rather than by morphological or behavioral change. Contraception dissociates sexuality from reproduction. We do not, of course, know what kinds and what range of stresses are produced by successive rounds of such technical innovation. Dissociating sexuality and reproduction, for example, surely produces changes in the structure of the family, which in turn redefine the role of women, which in turn alters the authority pattern affecting the child, etc. continuing and possible acceleration change seems inherent in such adaptation. And this, of course, places and enormous pressure on man’s uses of immaturity, preparing the young for unforeseeable change-the more so if there are severe restraints imposed by human preadaptations to earlier conditions of life.
The author is most probably addressing which of the following audiences?
选项
A、Medical students in a course on human anatomy.
B、College students in an introductory course on archaeology.
C、Psychologists investigating the uses of human immaturity.
D、Biologists trying to trace the course of human evolution.
答案
C
解析
逻辑推理题。C所提到的audience最为恰当,因为文章强调的是human immaturity。A的内容有可能针对medical students,但主题不是有关anatomy。B犯的是同样的错误,或许给大学生做讲座,但内容不是archaeology。D项的生物学家有可能,但是讨论的焦点是当前的问题,而不是人种的起源。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/9SeO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、upgradedinreliabilityandsafety.B、reducedinsizeandnumber.C、dismantledpartlylaterthisyear.D、maintainedintheirp
TheValueofAnimalResearchToparaphrase18th-centurystatesmanEdmundBurke,"allthatisneededforthetriumphofamis
A、whethersimilarcasescouldhaveoccurred.B、howthecomputerscouldhavebeensoldtoRussia.C、whyMoscowofferstomovethe
Westerntattooistsworkwithaspecialelectricalinstrument,somethinglikeadentist’sdrill.Itholdsanumberofveryfinen
TheRiseofRPHistoricalreasonsReceivedPronunciation(RP)wasoriginallyassociatedwitha______【1】spokenintheregion
A、ThestoriesofHarryPotterarecriticizedinsomeothercitiesinU.SexceptNewMexicon.B、Youngpeoplearefascinatedwith
ResearchintoDNAhashadasignificantimpactonmedicine.ThroughrecombinantDNAtechnology,scientistscanmodifymicroorgan
Bynow,itshouldcomeasnosurprisewhenscientistsdiscoveryetanothercaseofexperiencechangingthebrain.Fromthesenso
随机试题
Windows7中,删除库时,在该库中包含的文件或文件夹不会被删除。
火力发电厂中,下列接线中()在发电厂与变压器之间宜装设断路器和隔离开关。
在宽度小于()m的内走道顶棚上安装点型感烟火灾探测器时,宜居中安装。
关于PC机软件的描述中,下列说法错误的是()。
中国共产党在过渡时期的总路线为“一化三改”,其中“一化”是指()。
阅读下文。回答下列几题:原始地球形成后的八亿年,其内部逐渐变热使局部熔融并超过铁的熔点,原始地球中的金属铁、镍及硫化铁熔化,并因密度大而流向地球的中心部位,从而形成液态铁质地核。同时,地球的平均温度进一步上升(可达约2000℃),引起地球内部大部
舌损伤清创缝合中不应有的措施()。
在“我的电脑”窗口中快速格式化可移动磁盘,并将“KS”作为磁盘卷标。
在安装RedhatLinux9.0操作系统的过程中,如果没有选择安装Web服务器,Apache服务器则需要手动安装。现从http://httpd.apache.org网站上免费下载了一个apache-2.2.3RPM格式的软件包,请将以下(1)空缺处
WhenItrytounderstand______thatpreventssomanyAmericansfrombeingashappyasonemightexpect,itseemstomethatthere
最新回复
(
0
)