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  3. Researchers say talking to yourself, out loud, is more common than many of us might care to admit. Psychologists call it "self t

Researchers say talking to yourself, out loud, is more common than many of us might care to admit. Psychologists call it "self t

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问题     Researchers say talking to yourself, out loud, is more common than many of us might care to admit. Psychologists call it "self talk" and say how we do it【C1】______a big difference in both our mood and our behavior. Motivational self-talk【C2】______what we say to psych ourselves up: "Come on!" "Let’ s go!" "You can do this!" Instructional self-talk walks us【C3】______a specific task. If you are driving, you might tell yourself to turn right at the next light, and then you do it. "It sounds simple, 【C4】______you get the correct reaction," says Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis, associate professor at the University of Thessaly in Greece.
    The way you【C5】______yourself matters, too. the Research published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology in February found people who spoke to themselves【C6】______another person would—using their own name or the pronoun "you"—【C7】______better under stress than people who used the word "I".
    In one study, University of Michigan researchers induced stress in【C8】______by telling them they had to prepare a speech to give to a panel of judges about their【C9】______for a dream job. They were given five minutes to prepare and told they couldn’t use notes. Half of the participants were instructed to【C10】______their anxiety using the first-person pronoun("Why am I nervous?"). The other half were told to address themselves【C11】______name or the pronoun "you"("Why are you nervous?"). Afterward, each participant was asked to【C12】______how much shame he or she experienced right after the speech, and how much【C13】______ruminating they did.
    The results were【C14】______: People whose self-talk used their names or "you" reported【C15】______shame and ruminated less than the ones who used "I". The judges found the【C16】______of those using "you" to be more confident, less【C17】______and more persuasive.
    Both positive and negative words can【C18】______us in positive and negative ways. Say to yourself, "This job interview is going to be a piece of cake," and you might not get pumped up enough to make it.【C19】______, tell yourself, "You just lost that match, you need to focus harder,"【C20】______it could spur you to do better in the future.
【C1】
选项 A、has
B、makes
C、gives
D、offers
答案B
解析 make a difference为固定搭配，意思是“对……有影响，使……产生不同”，故B．makes为正确答案。本句可翻译为“心理学家将它称为‘自我对话’，并称我们如何进行自我对话将使我们的情绪与行为产生很大的不同”。have，give，offer虽能与difference构成动宾关系，但在语义上搭配不当，故排除。
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