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  3. Whether you’re a New Jersey mall rat or a farmer in India, being poor can exhaust your smarts. The findings indicate that an

Whether you’re a New Jersey mall rat or a farmer in India, being poor can exhaust your smarts. The findings indicate that an

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问题     Whether you’re a New Jersey mall rat or a farmer in India, being poor can exhaust your smarts.
    The findings indicate that an【C1】______need-making rent, getting money for food—tugs at the attention so much that it can【C2】______the brainpower of anyone who experiences it, regardless of innate intelligence or【C3】______. As a result, many social【C4】______programs set up to help the poor could backfire (have an undesired effect) by adding more【C5】______to their lives.
    There’s a widespread tendency to【C6】______that poor people don’t have money because they are lazy, 【C7】______or just not that sharp, said study coauthor Sendhil Mullainathan. "Our 【C8】______was quite different: It’s not that poor people are any different from rich people, but that being poor【C9】______itself has an effect."
    Mullainathan wanted to find out how those psychologically【C10】______situations affected their overall mental【C11】______. To do so, the researchers traveled to India and【C12】______464 sugar cane farmers before and after a harvest. Sugar cane farmers get paid only once a year. One month before harvest time, they are【C13】______for cash; one month after harvest, they’re flush with【C14】______.
    The farmers took tests before and after harvest. When money was running low, they performed【C15】______on the IQ test and took slightly longer to answer questions on the test than they did when【C16】______ wasn’t a problem.
    The drop was【C17】______—about 9 IQ points. The research lends support to the idea that many behaviors【C18】______to being poor—using less preventive healthcare, having higher obesity rates, being less【C19】______parents and making poor financial decisions—may be caused by【C20】______rather than the other way around.
【C1】
选项 A、mental
B、urgent
C、special
D、social
答案B
解析 两个破折号之间的making rent, getting money for food(筹钱交房租、筹钱买食物)是对______ need的举例说明。衣食住行是每个人最基本的需求，故选B项urgent“紧要的”。urgent need意为“紧要的需求”。
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