首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer. Chimpanzee Behaviours Species We can find Pan or Pan Troglody
Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer. Chimpanzee Behaviours Species We can find Pan or Pan Troglody
admin
2015-11-09
100
问题
Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
Chimpanzee Behaviours
Species
We can find Pan or Pan Troglodytes in West and Central Africa.
The Bonobo or Pan Paniscus are found in Democratic Republic of Congo.
Current research
rule out 【L31】______and biological factors
learn through 【L32】______of other chimps’ behaviour
Discoveries
The book The Third Chimpanzee by James Diamond discusses some physical features of chimpanzees.
The discovery reported by Jane Goodall suggests that chimpanzees know how to use 【L33】______
Chimpanzees in Senegal
use spears sharpened with their teeth
can 【L34】______the shell of a coconut
use a 【L35】______hammer to crash nuts
are capable of learning 【L36】______and understanding human language
Sub-species
Bonobos live on the other side of a 【L37】______
Both of them are reducing alarmingly in population 【L38】______
【L37】
Welcome back to my series of short lectures on apes. Today we will examine recent and historical breakthroughs on the behaviour of chimpanzees, otherwise known as chimps.
The word ’chimpanzee’ is an umbrella term for two different species of apes in the genus Pan, which are the Common Chimpanzee, or Pan Troglodytes, found in West and Central Africa, and the Bonobo, or Pan Paniscus, which are found in the forests of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Chimpanzees belong to the Hominidae family, together with gorillas, orangutans and indeed humans. Current research tells us that the chimps broke away from the human branch of the Hominidae family approximately six million years ago, and remain the closest living relative to humans to this day. More modern researches into chimpanzees have centred on their behavioural characteristics, once all biological and genetic factors have been ruled out. In this way, scientists have unearthed an unfathomable amount of similarities between human and chimpanzee behaviour. Although much of this research has taken place through observation of captive chimps, the results are widely seen as an authoritative reflection of chimps living in the wild. Chimps live in large so-called communities comprised of many male and female members, with the social hierarchy determined by an individual chimp’s position and influence. Through such research, scientists have found that chimps learn and adapt through observation of others’ behaviour. Once in power, the alpha male is often seen to alter its body language in order to retain power, for example he might puff himself up in order to intimidate others, while lower-ranking chimps are noted to behave more submissively and holding out their hands while grunting. Female chimpanzees also have a distinct social hierarchy, with high social standing inherited by children. It is not unheard of for dominant females within a community to unite and overthrow the alpha male, backing another in his place.
James Diamond, in his book The Third Chimpanzee suggests that chimps should now be reclassified in the genus Homo, instead of Pan, and there are many arguments still in favour of this. Male common chimpanzees are on average 1.7 metres in height, weighing 70kg, with their female counterparts being somewhat smaller. By comparison, the Bonobo is slightly shorter and lighter, but with longer arms and legs; however, both species walk on all fours, and climb trees with great ease. Jane Goodall made a groundbreaking discovery in 1960, when she observed the use of tools among chimpanzees, including digging for termites with large sticks. A recent study claimed to reveal that common chimpanzees in Senegal have been using spears sharpened with their teeth to hunt; however these reports remain unsubstantiated. Researchers have witnessed such tools, namely rocks, being used by chimps to open coconut shells and indeed crushing nuts with stone hammers. As scientific technology has developed, so too has our knowledge of the sheer extent of the chimp’s intelligence. Research has now shown that chimps have the capability to learn and use symbols, and understand aspects of the human language, including syntax as well as numerical sequences.
As I mentioned earlier, the umbrella term ’chimpanzee’ is comprised of the common chimpanzee and the bonobo. These two sub-species are divided along the Congo River, with the common chimps living on one side, and the bonobos living on the opposite side of the river. Over the past few decades, both of these sub-species have witnessed an alarming decrease in population density, with animal activists now working harder than ever to protect those remaining and encourage procreation.
In addition, next week’s episode will focus more closely on how chimpanzees in captivity are able to learn things through imitating the behaviour of humans, as well as how chimpanzees’ behaviours have developed over many generations.
Thank you very much for attending this evening’s lecture. I hope you found it intellectually stimulating, and I look forward to seeing you again next week. Goodnight!
选项
答案
river
解析
定位至“These two sub—species are divided along the Congo Rives with the commonchimps living on one side,and the bonobos living on the opposite side of the river.(这两个亚种沿刚果河划分,普通黑猩猩住在河的一边,倭黑猩猩住在河的另一边)”,故本题空处需填river。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Bb8O777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Doyouthinkhistorymattersinacountry’sfuturedevelopment?
Whatkindofpeoplemayoftenlosethings?
Howdoyouthinkchildrencanbeencouragedtobemoreactive?
Youshouldspendabout40minutesonthistask.Writeaboutthefollowingtopic:Happinessisconsideredveryimportantin
Severallanguagesaredyingouteveryyear.However,somepeopledonotthinkitisimportantandclaimthatourlifewillbesi
Insomecountries,advertiserspersuadechildrentobuysomegoods,suchassnacks,toys,andothergoods.Asforthisphenomeno
Studentsatuniversitiesoftenhaveachoiceofplacestolive.Theymaychoosetoliveinuniversitydormitories,ortheymayc
AfriendofyouisalreadyattendingOxfordCollegeintheUK.YouwillbegoingtotheUKnextyear.Writealettertohim/
Inmanycountrieschildrenareengagedinsomekindofpaidwork.Somepeopleregardthisascompletelywrong,whileotherscons
READINGPASSAGE3Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions27-40,whicharebasedonReadingPassage3below.
随机试题
电源对用电设备安全的潜在威胁包括____________与噪声和电磁干扰。()
李斯青年时代受学于()
患有结核病、急性传染病、肾炎、心脏病、湿疹及其他皮肤病者不应接种以下哪种疫苗
依照题目中的意思,对于乙公司向甲公司提供的5台设备,甲公司是否都已经购买?已经购买的,购买时间分别是什么时候?在甲公司向乙公司购买设备租赁给丙公司后,非因质量问题,设备发生爆炸致人损害,对此谁需要承担赔偿责任?为什么?
某老师在自修课时发现张亮、李宏、马威三位同学在讲话,就过去训斥他们。当着全班同学的面叫他们的绰号(说话声音最响的张亮为“大喇叭”,声音有点沙哑的李宏为“破喇叭”,头发厚黑粗硬的马威为“黑刺猬”),并罚他们到教室外的走廊上站立至下课。第二天上课,又看(听)到
巴黎公社和以列宁为首的苏维埃政权采取的措施中,相同的是()。
孤独症
在一个容量为15的循环队列中,若头指针front=6,尾指针rear=14,则该循环队列中共有【】个元素。
Wewishpeoplea"HappyBirthday",andifyou’reintheUSAinNovemberandDecemberyou【C1】______say"HappyHolidays",sowhyd
Thestoryismainlyaboutabigbearwhichwantedtoattackthefamilybutonlymanagedtofrightenthecattleonthefarm.Pa
最新回复
(
0
)