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  3. As a giant of the stock market, Apple is unusual. For much of the past 20 years, three companies have alternated in the role of

As a giant of the stock market, Apple is unusual. For much of the past 20 years, three companies have alternated in the role of

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问题     As a giant of the stock market, Apple is unusual. For much of the past 20 years, three companies have alternated in the role of the largest on the American stock market: Exxon Mobil, General Electric and Microsoft. The first two are very big companies by Apple standards. But Apple offers the kind of growth prospects that the shareholders of Exxon Mobil and GE can only dream of. Its sales in the latest quarter were almost double those of the previous year, and forecasts for 2013 revenues are nearly treble those recorded in 2010. It is the epitome of the modern company: short on physical capital but long on brainpower.
    So what does Apple’s dominance reveal about the economy and the stock market? First, it is a powerful reminder that the free market can still be remarkably innovative. In the past 11 years Apple has launched three products—the iPod, iPhone and iPad—that have created brand new markets, fulfilling desires that consumers did not even know they had. It is impossible to imagine any of those designs being dreamed up by a bureaucrat.
    Second, it shows that the internet industry has come of age. The dotcom bubble of the late 1990s featured companies that were heavy on ideas but light on revenues or profits. When the bubble burst a decade ago, it was feared that the internet would savage margins by " commoditizing" devices like phones and personal computers. Apple has so far proved that it is possible to earn high margins with brilliant design and by offering consumers ways to access the internet effortlessly wherever they go. It has made the mobile era its own.
    Third, Apple’s rise shows that, even in a period of austerity, consumers are willing to pay for the must-have gadget. The company is a huge beneficiary of globalization; able not only to source its products at low cost in Asia but to sell the finished goods there as well. A global elite is now willing to pay for the most desirable products, from luxury luggage to premium Scotch. And America’s soft power is still so strong that it can create aspiring brands for that elite.
    But does Apple’s surge to preeminence indicate that the stock market is back to the insane days of the late 1990s? There are certainly warning signs. Brokers are competing to come up with the highest potential price target for Apple’s shares, and the announcement of a share buy-back should remind investors that companies have a tendency to purchase their own equity at market peaks. But when Cisco, a technology giant, was briefly worth more than $500 billion in 2000, its price-earnings ratio was above 100; Apple trades on only 22 times its 2011 profits. Its new dividend yield will be almost as generous as that of the overall market. Even if its shares turn out to be overvalued, this would be more like a pimple than a bubble.
The point that the author wants to illustrate in Paragraph 2 is that______.
选项 A、in most cases, customers’ demands are created rather than ready-made
B、the superiority of American market system is still distinct
C、only American companies are capable of producing innovative products like iPhone
D、American’s panic over the rise of othe countries is unnecessary
答案B
解析 本题考查对文章第二段主旨大意的把握。第二段中作者揭示了苹果公司的成功给美国企业的第一条启示，那就是“it is a powerful reminder that the free market can still be remarkably innovative”。“自由市场的创新能力依然无可比拟。”这一点是作者在第二段中想要陈述的主要观点，[B]正确。[A]只涉及了第二段中的一个细节问题，无法概括整个段落的主旨大意。[C]过于绝对，[D]过度引申，虽然作者认为美国的经济体制优于官僚经济体制，但是并无法推断出美国对其他国家的崛起置之不理。
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