After months of speculation, the final 22,000-character overview of China’s "third plenum" was published on November 15 th. In t

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问题 After months of speculation, the final 22,000-character overview of China’s "third plenum" was published on November 15 th. In the economic sphere the document turned out to be bolder than the initial summary suggested, but the document’s interest lies not just in the economic reforms, which were anticipated. More striking were some of the social changes the document announced, such as the relaxation of the one-child policy. A couple in which one parent is an only child will be allowed to have two children, and the policy is likely to be loosened even further. In another widely welcomed move, labour camps are to be abolished.
    But possibly the most important announcements were buried deep in the document and grabbed fewer headlines. Two moves in particular, namely allowing the development of " social organisations" or NGOs in essence and the separation of judicial jurisdiction systems from administrative areas, showed that the party is sensitive to the ferment in Chinese society and the demands for greater liberty and accountability that accompany it. That these two gestures towards reform were mentioned at all is encouraging, and the world is keen to know whether Chinese leadership will honor their words in the plenary document that they " dare to gnaw through even tough bones, dare to ford dangerous rapids, break through the fetters of ideological concepts with even greater resolution. "

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答案 经过数月的酝酿,2.2万字的“三中全会”工作报告终于在11月15日面世。在经济领域,该报告正文比摘要部分提到的要更加大胆,不过该报告不只是着眼于大家已经预料到的经济改革,其中更引人注目的是文件中提出的社会改革,诸如放宽计划生育限制等。如果夫妻有一方是独生子女,他们就可以在政策允许的范围内生第二胎,这一宽限还将继续向前推进。在另一项广受欢迎的举措中,劳改营将会被取缔。 但是,最重要的信息或许还隐藏在文件中,没有引起过多的关注。特别是其中的两项改革,其一是准许“社会团体”(实质上就是非政府组织)的发展,其二是将司法审判体系同行政管理体系分离。这些政策措施反映了中国共产党积极响应当前社会的群众要求,尤其是争取自由以及问责的权利。这两项改革措施非常鼓舞人心,世界也非常关注中国领导人是否会履行诺言,就像三中全会文件中说的那样,“敢于啃硬骨头,敢于涉险滩,既勇于冲破思想观念的障碍,又勇于突破利益固化的藩篱”。

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