首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Among the government’s most interesting reports is one that estimates what parents spend on their children. Not surprisingly, th
Among the government’s most interesting reports is one that estimates what parents spend on their children. Not surprisingly, th
admin
2014-01-20
108
问题
Among the government’s most interesting reports is one that estimates what parents spend on their children. Not surprisingly, the costs are steep. For a middle-class, husband-and-wife family(average pretax income in 2009: $ 76 250), spending per child is about $ 12 000 a year. With inflation the family’s spending on a child will total $ 286 050 by age 17.
The dry statistics ought to inform the ongoing deficit debate, because a budget is not just a catalog of programs and taxes. It reflects a society’s priorities and values. Our society does not—despite rhetoric(说辞)to the contrary—put much value on raising children. Present budget policies tax parents heavily to support the elderly. Meanwhile, tax breaks for children are modest. If deficit reduction aggravates these biases, more Americans may choose not to have children or to have fewer children. Down that path lies economic decline.
Societies that cannot replace their populations discourage investment and innovation. They have stagnant(萧条的)or shrinking markets for goods and services. With older populations, they resist change. To stabilize its population—discounting immigration—women must have an average of two children. That’s a fertility rate of 2.0. Many countries with struggling economies are well below that.
Though having a child is a deeply personal decision, it’s shaped by culture, religion, economics, and government policy. "No one has a good answer" as to why fertility varies among countries, says sociologist Andrew Cherlin of The Johns Hopkins University. Eroding religious belief in Europe may partly explain lowered birthrates. In Japan young women may be rebelling against their mothers’ isolated lives of child rearing. General optimism and pessimism count. Hopefulness fueled America’s baby boom. After the Soviet Union’s collapse, says Cherlin, "anxiety for the future" depressed birthrates in Russia and Eastern Europe.
In poor societies, people have children to improve their economic well-being by increasing the number of family workers and providing support for parents in their old age. In wealthy societies, the logic often reverses. Government now supports the elderly, diminishing the need for children. By some studies, the safety nets for retirees have reduced fertility rates by 0.5 children in the United States and almost 1.0 in Western Europe, reports economist Robert Stein in the journal National Affairs. Similarly, some couples don’t have children because they don’t want to sacrifice their own lifestyles to the time and expense of a family.
Young Americans already face a bleak labor market that cannot instill(注入)confidence about having children. Piling on higher taxes won’t help, "If higher taxes make it more expensive to raise children," says Nicholas Eberstadt of the American Enterprise Institute, "people will think twice about having another child." That seems like common sense, despite the multiple influences on becoming parents.
What accounted for America’s baby boom?
选项
A、Optimism for the future.
B、Improved living conditions.
C、Religious beliefs.
D、Economic prosperity.
答案
A
解析
推理判断题。文章第四段倒数第三句指出,普遍的乐观情绪和悲观情绪影响很大。倒数第二句中以美国为例指出了乐观情绪的积极作用,满怀希望燃起了美国生育高峰的熊熊烈火。由此可见.导致美国生育高峰的原因是Hopefulness,也就是第五句中提到的optimism,南此确定A)为本题答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/CU17777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitudes.Emotionalreactionsaswellaslogicalthought
ShouldCollegeDormitoriesHavetheInternet?1.许多大学宿舍都接通了网络2.学校宿舍接通网络的利与弊3.我的看法
Onelessonofthefinancialcrisisisthis:whentheentirefinancialsystemsuccumbs(屈服)topanic,onlythegovernmentispower
Inrecentdecades,franchising(专卖店)hasgrownincreasinglypopularandwidespread.SalesfromfranchisesintheUnitedStatesmo
Inrecentdecades,franchising(专卖店)hasgrownincreasinglypopularandwidespread.SalesfromfranchisesintheUnitedStatesmo
Scientistshavediscoveredstrandsofgeneticcodelinkedtoshortsight,themostcommoneyedisorderintheworld.Thefinding
A、Anewfitnessclub.B、Doingexercisetokeepfit.C、After-workactivities.D、Weekendplans.A女士问男士是否去过thenewfitnessclub,男士说
A、Robertsurvivedtheplanecrash.B、Allthepassengerswerekilledintheplanecrash.C、Robertwaskilledintheaircrash.D、
Jointhe"SleepChallenge"[A]Didyougetenoughsleeplastnight?Probablynot."Weareanationofsleep-deprivedwomen,"say
A、Howtoupdatethebasicfacilities.B、Whattodotoenhancetheirposition.C、Wheretolocatetheirplant.D、Howtoattractin
随机试题
下列量中属于国际单位制导出量的有________。
氰化物中毒时皮肤黏膜呈樱桃红色的原因是
某染料制造企业以苯经硝化制得产品为硝基苯,作为制造染料的原料。下列关于硝化工艺安全控制的基本要求中,说法错误的是()。
根据《中华人民共和国计量法》的规定,计量检定工作应当按照()的原则,就地就近进行。
1.背景某办公楼工程,建筑面积82000m2,地下3层,地上22层,钢筋混凝土框架剪力墙结构,距邻近六层住宅楼7m。地基土层为粉质黏土和粉细砂,地下水为潜水,地下水位一9.5m,自然地面一0.5m。基础为筏板基础,埋深14.5m,基础底板混凝土厚1500
受托方代收代缴消费税为( )元。支付加工费的进项税额为( )元。
六西格玛管理的主要度量指标有()。经过检验,均值未偏移,过程处于统计控制状态和技术控制状态,样本标准差s=0.1,则Z0=()。
甘肃位于中国西北内陆腹地,地处黄河上游。()
以其记载或表达的思想内容,证明案件真实情况的证据是()。
Youngpeoplealwayssufferinrecessions.Employersstop【C1】______thembecausetheyareeasiertosack.Butin【C2】______episodes
最新回复
(
0
)