首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the ne
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the ne
admin
2019-06-20
31
问题
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the machines have been introduced. For example , it has been suggested that the employment of women in industry took them out of the household, their traditional sphere, and fundamentally altered their position in society. In the nineteenth century, when women began to enter factories, Jules Simon, a French politician, warned that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Friedrich Engels, however, predicted that women would be liberated from the " social, legal, and economic subordination" of the family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole female sex... into public industry. " Observers thus differed concerning the social desirability of mechanization’s effects, but they agreed that it would transform women’s lives.
Historians, particularly those investigating the history of women, now seriously question this assumption of transforming power. They conclude that such dramatic technological innovations as the spinning jenny, the sewing machine, the typewriter, and the vacuum cleaner have not resulted in equally dramatic social changes in women’s economic position or in the prevailing evaluation of women’s work. The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolution was largely an extension of an older pattern of employment of young, single women as domestics. It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation of secretarial work, previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative work that in the 1880’s created a new class of "dead end" jobs, thenceforth considered "women’s work. " The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.
Women’s work has changed considerably in the past 200 years, moving from the household to the office or the factory, and later becoming mostly white-collar instead of blue-collar work. Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have changed little since before the Industrial Revolution: the segregation of occupations by gender, lower pay for women as a group, jobs that require relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement all persist, while women’s household labor remains demanding. Recent historical investigation has led to a major revision of the notion that technology is always inherently revolutionary in its effects on society. Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of women both in the labor market and in the home.
The passage states that, before the twentieth century, which of the following was true of many employers?
选项
A、They did not employ women in factories.
B、They tended to employ single rather than married women.
C、They employed women in only those jobs that were related to women’s traditional household work.
D、They hired women only when qualified men were not available to fill the open positions.
答案
B
解析
事实细节题。根据时间关键词the twentieth century定位至第二段最后一句。该句提到,从20世纪开始,已婚女性工作人数增加,但这和机械化的关系并不大,主要是因为其自身有经济需求,而且结婚率升高,单身女性人数不够,雇主才退而求其次雇佣已婚女性。可见雇主本来是倾向于雇用单身女性的,故答案为[B]项。女性早在工业革命时就开始进入工厂,故排除[A]项;[C]项所表述的内容符合工业革命前后女性就业状况,而不是20世纪的情况,故排除;[D]项在文中没有提及,故也排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/DRra777K
本试题收录于:
翻译硕士(翻译硕士英语)题库专业硕士分类
0
翻译硕士(翻译硕士英语)
专业硕士
相关试题推荐
1973年,以美元为中心的资本主义世界货币体系解体,反映出()①美国经济进入了“滞胀”阶段②美国资本主义世界经济霸主地位动摇③国际金融领域内,美元的地位衰落④资本主义国家的力量对比发生了新变化
Technically,negotiationoccursbetweenpeoplewhoareinterdependent,______thattheactionsofonepattyaffectthoseofthe
Inthelongrun,Englishlearning,difficultasitis,is______toalearnerinhisorhercareerdevelopment.
Allwasdarkness______anoccasionalglimmerinthedistance.
Americanstodaydon’tplaceaveryhighvalueonintellect.Ourheroesareathletes,entertainers,andentrepreneurs,notschola
WhatmakesAmericansspendnearlyhalftheirfooddollarsonmealsawayfromhome?TheanswerliesinthewayAmericanslivetod
Icouldnotwishforamore______occasiontoannouncemyplantoenlargeourestablishment.
Practicallyspeaking,theartisticmaturingofthecinemawasthesingle-handedachievementofDavidW.Griffith(1875-1948).B
Hecameintothemanager’soffice______thathewasdismissed.
ThedoctortoldmethatIhadto________alcohol;otherwiseIwouldgetintotrouble.
随机试题
患儿,男,3岁,身长75cm,智力低下,鼻梁塌陷,舌体厚大,腹胀、便秘,有脐疝。为明确诊断,进一步应做的检查是
Katherinewalkedintoanewspaperoffice,anddemandedtoseetheeditor.Fortunately,theeditorwaspassingtheinquiryoffice
咽结合膜热的病原是疱疹性咽峡炎的病原是
男,60岁。左侧后牙自发痛2天。一年多来该侧后牙遇冷或热痛。2天前开始,夜痛不能人睡。查6°龋深,探敏感,叩痛(+),不松动。冷测引起剧痛。该患牙的诊断最可能是
现有阿司匹林粉末欲装胶囊,如果装量是0.55ml,应选用的胶囊大小号码是( )。现有阿司匹林粉末欲装胶囊,如果装量是0.33ml,应选用的胶囊大小号码是( )。
公安消防机构的工作人员在进行监督检查时,应当()。公安消防机构进行消防审核、验收等监督检查不得()。
下列关于净资产收益率的说法中,不正确的是()。
业主建筑物区分所有权的客体包括专有部分和共有部分,专有部分要求具有的特征有()。
()不属于配货包装类型。
历史上有名的汉律60篇包括《九章律》、《傍章律》、《越宫律》、《朝律》和《约法三章》。 ( )
最新回复
(
0
)