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  3. Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar "junk food" diet can quickly undermine your brain’

Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar "junk food" diet can quickly undermine your brain’

admin2023-01-30  15
问题         Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar "junk food" diet can quickly undermine your brain’s appetite control. After indulging in a week-long binge (大吃大喝 ) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy volunteers【C1】________worse on memory tests and experienced a greater【C2】________to eat junk food, even when they were already full.
    The findings suggest something is wrong in the hippocampus (海马体) —a region of the brain that supports memory and helps to【C3】________appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby【C4】________our appetite. When it’s disrupted, this control can be seriously undermined.
    Over the years, extensive research on mice has found the function of the hippocampus is very【C5】________to "junk food", but this has only recently been observed in young and healthy humans.  In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of toasted sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found【C6】________performed worse on learning and memory tests which are typically【C7】________on the hippocampus.
    Now, in this latest study the team has found that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, they also appear to【C8】________affect our ability to control our appetite.
    "As this is an emerging area, and with much still to be learned about how these processes inter-relate, our【C9】________are of course tentative," the authors admit. Nevertheless, the foundations for claims like this are quite extensive, especially amongst the animal literature. What’s more, the results, even for a【C10】________sample size, are compelling.
    A) access         F) distinguished       K) reducing
    B) conclusions     G) impressions        L) regulate
    C) dependent       H) occupying        M) scored
    D) desire         I) participants          N) sensitive
    E) directly        J) recently             O) small

【C1】
选项
答案M
解析 动词辨析题。分析空格所在句结构可知，researchers是主语，found是谓语，其后为宾语从句。宾语从句中，空格处和experienced同为从句的谓语，因此空格处应填入动词的过去式形式。首句指出，含有高脂肪、高糖的典型西方“垃圾食品”饮食能快速破坏大脑对食欲的控制。由此可以推断，志愿者们在狂吃华夫饼、奶昔和类似的高热量食物一周后，他们的测试成绩变差，因此空格处应填入含有“得分。成绩”意义的动词，故答案为M)scored。备选动词distinguished不符合句意，因此排除。
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