There are many ways in which the phenomena of language and culture are intimately related. All phenomena are unique to humans an

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问题     There are many ways in which the phenomena of language and culture are
intimately related. All phenomena are unique to humans and have therefore been【M1】______
the subject of a great deal of anthropological, sociological, and even memetic
study. Language, of course, is determined by culture.
    For many people, language is not just the medium of culture but also the part【M2】______
of culture. It is quite common for immigrants from a new country to retain their【M3】______
old customs and to speak their first language amid fellow immigrants, even if all
of present are comfortable in their new language. This occurs because the【M4】______
immigrants are eager to preserve their own heritage, which includes not only
customs and traditions but also language. This is also seen in many Jewish
communities.
    Linguistic differences are also often seen as mark of another culture, and【M5】______
they very commonly create divisiveness among neighboring peoples but even【M6】______
among different groups of the same nation. A good example of this is in Canada,
where French-speaking natives of Quebec clash with the English-speaking
majority. This sort of conflict is also uncommon in the areas with a great【M7】______
number of tribal warfare. It is even becoming an issue in America as speakers of【M8】______
standard American English—mainly whites and educating minorities—observe【M9】______
the growing number of speakers of black English vernacular. Debates are
common over whether it is proper to use "Ebonics" in schools, while their speakers【M10】______
continue to assert that the dialect is a fundamental part of the "black culture".
【M1】

选项

答案All—Both

解析 代词错误。all和both都有“全,都”的意思。all表示三者或是三者以上的全部,而both表示“两者都”。根据前句“…the phenomena of language and culture…”可知此处指代两者,故用Both。
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