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  3. Branding an age category might sound like a frivolous exercise. But life stages are primarily social constructs, and history sho

Branding an age category might sound like a frivolous exercise. But life stages are primarily social constructs, and history sho

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问题     Branding an age category might sound like a frivolous exercise. But life stages are primarily social constructs, and history shows that their emergence can 【C1】______ deep changes in attitudes. Such change is needed 【C2】______ the questions that swirl around rising longevity are to get a 【C3】______ answer.
    Before 1800 no country in the world had an average life 【C4】______ at birth beyond 40. Today there is not a country that does not. 【C5】______ 1900, more years have been 【C6】______ human life than in the rest of history combined, 【C7】______ by reducing child mortality and lately by 【C8】______ lifespans. Longevity is one of humanity’s great 【C9】______.
    【C10】______ it is seen as one of society’s great headaches. The problem 【C11】______ the increasing dependency of the old on the young. By 2100, the ratio of 65-plussers to "working-age" people will triple. 【C12】______ the world greys, growth, tax revenues and workforces will 【C13】______ while spending on pensions and health care will increase. So, 【C14】______, goes the orthodoxy.
    Doom-mongers tend to miss a bigger point, however. Those extra years of life are 【C15】______ healthy ones. Five of the additional six years that a British boy born in 2015 can expect to live, 【C16】______ one born in 1990, will be healthy, according to the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, at the University of Washington. Too many governments and firms fail to 【C17】______this fact, instead lumping all the extra years in the damning category of 65 and over. This binary way of thinking, seeing retirement as a cliff edge 【C18】______ which workers and consumers suddenly tumble, 【C19】______ little relation to the real world. It also encourages unimaginative policy, 【C20】______ the retirement age is occasionally moved as lifespans lengthen.
【C20】
选项 A、where
B、whereas
C、whereby
D、when
答案C
解析 词语辨析题。分析句子结构可知，此句为承接关系，It also encourages unimaginative policy “这种想法还会催生出缺乏创意的政策方针”，而后面的the retirement age is occasionally moved as lifespans lengthen就是其中缺乏创意的政策方针的一个实例，因此本题应选择C项whereby表示承接。
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