首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Since the end of World War II, a broad consensus in support of global economic integration as a force for peace and prosperity h
Since the end of World War II, a broad consensus in support of global economic integration as a force for peace and prosperity h
admin
2017-12-31
54
问题
Since the end of World War II, a broad consensus in support of global economic integration as a force for peace and prosperity has been a pillar of the international order. From global trade agreements to the European Union project: from the work of the Bretton Woods institutions to the removal of pervasive capital controls: from the vast expansion in foreign direct investment to major increases in the flow of people across borders, the overall direction has been clear. Driven by domestic economic progress, by technologies such as containerized shipping and the Internet that promote integration, and by legislative changes within countries and international agreements between countries, the world has gotten smaller and more closely connected.
This broad program of global integration has been more successful than could have been hoped. We have not had a war between major powers. Global standards of living have risen faster than at any point in history. And material progress has coincided with even more rapid progress in combating hunger, empowering women, promoting literacy and extending life. A world that will have more smart phones than adults within a few years is a world in which more is possible for more people than ever before.
Yet a revolt against global integration is underway in the West. The four candidates for president of the United States all oppose the principal free-trade initiative of this period: the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Trump’s proposals to wall off Mexico, abrogate trade agreements and persecute Muslims are far more popular than he is. The Brexit movement in Britain commands substantial support and could prevail. Whenever any aspect of the E. U. project is submitted to a popular referendum, it fails. Under pressure from a large influx of refugees, the European commitment to open borders appears to be crumbling. In large part because of political constraints, the growth of the international financial institutions has not kept pace with the growth of the global economy.
One substantial part of what is behind the resistance is a lack of knowledge. Everyone who loses a job because a factory moves abroad knows it: many who lose their jobs for local reasons blame globalization. But no one thanks international trade for the fact that their paycheck buys twice as much in clothes, toys and other goods as it otherwise would. Those who succeed as exporters tend to credit their own prowess, not international agreements. So there is certainly a case for our leaders and business communities to educate people about the benefits of global integration. But at this late date, with the trends moving the wrong way, it is hard to be optimistic about such efforts.
The core of the revolt against global integration, though, is not ignorance. It is a sense— unfortunately not wholly unwarranted—that it is a project being carried out by elites for elites. They see the globalization agenda as being set by large companies that successfully play one country against another. They read the Panama Papers and conclude that globalization offers a fortunate few opportunities to avoid taxes and regulations that are not available to everyone else. And they see the kind of disintegration that accompanies global integration as local communities suffer when major employers lose out to foreign competitors. What will happen going forward? What should happen?
Elites can continue on the current path of pursuing integration projects and defending existing integration, hoping to win enough support that their efforts are not thwarted. On the evidence of the U. S. presidential campaign and the Brexit debate, this strategy may have run its course. This will likely result in a hiatus from new global integration efforts and an effort to preserve what is already in place while relying on technology and growth in the developing world to drive any further integration. The historical precedents of two world wars are hardly encouraging about unmanaged globalization succeeding with neither a strong underwriter of the system nor strong global institutions.
Much more promising is this idea: The promotion of global integration can become a bottom-up rather than a top-down project. The emphasis can shift from promoting integration to managing its consequences. This would mean a shift from international trade agreements to international harmonization agreements, whereby issues such as labor rights and environmental protection would be central. It would also mean devoting as much political capital to the trillions of dollars that escape taxation or evade regulation through cross-border capital flows as we now devote to trade agreements. And it would mean an emphasis on the challenges of middle-class parents everywhere who doubt, but still hope desperately, that their kids can have better lives than they did.
According to the author, the revolt against global integration in the West______.
选项
A、will not prevail and will disappear with the growth of the global economy
B、can be dissolved with the education about the benefits of global integration
C、should definitely be ignored with more substantial support from the public
D、must be treated seriously so as to avoid unmanaged globalization
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/EMSO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI高级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI高级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Howmuchphysicalactivityshouldteenagersdo,andhowcantheygetenough?Manyteenagersspendalotoftimebeingsedent
Howmuchphysicalactivityshouldteenagersdo,andhowcantheygetenough?Manyteenagersspendalotoftimebeingsedent
EveryyearBerryBros&Rudd,Britain’soldestwinemerchant,issuesapocket-sizedpricelist.Readingoldcopiesmakesamateur
InterpretthefollowingpassagesfromEnglishintoChinese.Startinterpretingatthesignalandstopatthesignal.Youmaytak
A、ItprovidedevidencethatJefferson’sidealcouldbeachieved.B、Itmadefarmerslessdependentonlocalbankers.C、Itaffecte
MillionsofbooksandanInternet-basedcampusnetworkareavailablefortheUniversitystaffandstudents.
GolaxyisanotherartificialintelligenceGoprogramdevelopedbyGooglewhichwillcompeteagainstKeJieinApril.
Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsistrueaboutthesocalled"escapecorset"movement?
Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousd
A、Library.B、Sportshall.C、Medicalservice.D、Cafeteria.D
随机试题
能力是指能够完成某种活动所需的个性心理特征。
某患者因头痛、步态不稳3个月入院,行颅脑MRI检查提示后颅窝占位
女,24岁,因近1个月怕热、多汗、情绪激动,且经常腹泻、心悸而就诊。体检:甲状腺肿大,两手颤抖,眼球稍突。初步诊断为甲亢。该病人实验室检查可能会出现
最易发生休克的急腹症是
尿激酶产生抗凝血作用原理是
《安全生产法》规定,生产经营单位发生重大生产安全事故时,单位的安全负责人应当立即组织抢救,并不得在事故调查处理期间擅离职守()
提出“白板说”的哲学家是()。
群众路线的领导方法是辩证唯物主义历史观和认识论在实际领导工作中的应用和体现。()
设置严格的日期格式的命令是
WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetelephoneofthefutureisNOTtrue?
最新回复
(
0
)