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  3. One of the most pressing challenges the world will face in the next few decades is how to alleviate the growing stress that huma

One of the most pressing challenges the world will face in the next few decades is how to alleviate the growing stress that huma

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问题     One of the most pressing challenges the world will face in the next few decades is how to alleviate the growing stress that human activities are placing【C1】________the environment. The consequences are just too great to【C2】________. Wildlife habitats are being degraded or disappearing altogether as new developments【C3】________more land. Plant and animal species are becoming【C4】________at a greater rate now than at any time in Earth’s history.【C5】________many as 30 percent of the world’s fish stocks are over-exploited. And the list goes on.
    【C6】________, there is reason to have hope for the future. Advances in computing power and molecular biology are among the tremendous increases in scientific capability that【C7】________helping researchers【C8】________a better understanding of these problems. Recent development in science and technology could provide the【C9】________for some major and timely actions that would【C10】________our understanding of how human activities affect the environment.
    One priority for research is improving hydrological forecasting. It has been【C11】________that the world’s water use would triple in the next two decades. Already, widespread water【C12】________have occurred in parts of China, India, and North Africa. The need for water also is taking its toll on fresh water ecosystems in the United States. Only 2 percent of the nations’ stream are considered in good【C13】________, and【C14】________to 40 percent of native fish species are rare to extinct.
    To prevent outbreaks of【C15】________diseases in plants, animals and human, more study is needed on how parasites and disease-carrying species—as【C16】________as humans and other species they【C17】________—are affected by changes in the environment. The overuse of antibiotics both in humans and in farm animals has【C18】________to the growth of antibiotic-resistant micro organism. Researchers can take【C19】________of new technologies in genetics and computing to better monitor and【C20】________the effects that environment changes might have on diseases outbreaks.
【C12】
选项 A、supply
B、use
C、pollution
D、shortage
答案D
解析 本填空选择名词，其实这个名词的选择是依赖于原文主线的，即利用无关词排除法确定与主线最密切的选项。文章前句的原文信息刚刚讲述了：It has been ________ that the world’s water use would triple in the next two decades．(根据预测世界的水用量将会在以后的20年中增至3倍)；本句子继续讲述：Already，widespread water _________ have occurred in parts of China，India，and North Africa．即“一件有关水……的事情已经在中国、印度和北非发生了”，理解了这个前文线索，本填空一定是选择选项D)shortage，即“水短缺”。
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