首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Alison Preston of the University of Texas at Austin’s Center for Learning and Memory explains:A short-term memory’s conversion t
Alison Preston of the University of Texas at Austin’s Center for Learning and Memory explains:A short-term memory’s conversion t
admin
2015-07-13
66
问题
Alison Preston of the University of Texas at Austin’s Center for Learning and Memory explains:A short-term memory’s conversion to a long-term memory requires changes within the brain that protect the memory from interference from competing stimuli or disruption from injury or disease. This time-dependent process of stabilization, whereby our experiences achieve a permanent record in ourmemory, is referred to as "consolidation".
Memory consolidation can occur at many organizational levels in the brain. The cellular and molecular portions of memory consolidation typically take place within the first minutes or hours of learning and result in changes to neurons (nerve cells) or sets of neurons. Systems-level consolidation, involving the reorganization of brain networks that handle the processing of individual memories can then happen on a much slower time frame of days or even years.
The consolidation process that affects declarative memories-recollections of general facts and specific events—relies on the function of some specific structures in the brain. At the cellular level, memory is expressed as changes to the structure and function of neurons. For example, new synapses—the connections between neurons through which they exchange information—can form to allow for communication between new networks of neurons. Alternatively, existing synapses can be strengthened to allow for increased sensitivity in the communication between two neurons.Consolidating such synaptic changes requires the synthesis of new RNA and proteins in the structures, which transform temporary alterations in synaptic transmission into persistent modifications of synaptic architecture. With time, the brain systems also change. Initially, the specific structure works in concert with sensory-processing regions distributed in the neo-cortex (the outermost layer of the brain) to form the new memories. Within the neo-cortex, representations of the elements that constitute an event in our life are distributed across multiple brain regions according to their content.
When a memory is first formed, the specific structure rapidly combines this distributed information into a single memory, thus acting as an index of representations in the sensory-processing regions. As time passes, cellular and molecular changes allow for the strengthening of direct connections among the neocortical regions, enabling access to the memory independent of the structure. Thus, while damage to the structure from injury or particular disorder hampers the ability to form new declarative memories, such a disruption may not impair memories for facts and events that have already been consolidated. Thus, an amnesiac with hippocampal damage would not be able to learn the names of current presidential candidates but would be able to recall the identity of our 16th president.
According to the passage, the declarative memories could be _____.
选项
A、affected by the memory of general facts and specific events
B、determined by some specific structures in the brain
C、expressed as changes to the structure and function of neurons
D、communicated to create new connections of neurons
答案
C
解析
推理判断题。根据declarative memories可定位至第三段。第三段提到,“在细胞层面,记忆表现为神经元结构和功能的改变”,陈述性记忆是记忆的一种,因此C项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/FS74777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Thedifferencesinlivingstandardsaroundtheworldarevast.In1993,theaverageAmericanhadanincomeofabout$25,000.In
Researchersarefindingthatboysandgirlsreallyarefromtwodifferentplanets.Boysandgirlshavedifferent"crisispoints"
Yourresearchteamhassurveyedstudentsinyouruniversityabouttheirattitudetowardsconsumption.Writeafindingreportwit
Theclassicdifficultyfeltwithdemocracyarisesfromthefactthatdemocracycanneverexpressthewillofthewholepeoplebe
Nearlyfouryearsago,aweb-basedpoliticalmovementsetitselfthemodesttaskof"closingthegapbetweentheworldwehavea
Thereisnothinglikethejoyoffindingoutthatsomethingsinfulisactuallygoodforyou,whetherit’ssex,chocolateoragl
Scientistsaroundtheworldareracingtolearnhowtorapidlydiagnose,treatandstopthespreadofanew,deadlydisease.SAR
Thoughhardlyasunwelcomeasdeathortaxes,collegeentranceexamsarejustasinevitableandalmostasdreadedbyhighschool
Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor,he______abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.
WecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatItseemsthatthePresident,infaceofthepresentsituation,
随机试题
男性,35岁,因低热、乏力和呼吸极度困难来门诊。医生怀疑心脏压塞。协助诊断最有意义的是
肘关节后脱位是三个骨性标志相互关系发生改变的是
下列不是肝气犯胃型呕吐的主症的是
森林分为()。
固定资产折旧文件应包括的内容主要有()。
货物运输按代开发票纳税人管理的所有单位和个人(包括外商投资企业、特区企业和其他单位、个人),凡按规定应当征收营业税,在代开货物运输业发票时一律按开票金额3%征收营业税,按营业税税款( )预征城市维护建设税。
住房抵押贷款利率上升或贷款价值比率下降,如果其他因素保持不变,商品住宅需求就会()。
公安机关要及时向党委汇报重要的敌情、社情和治安情况,党委根据具体情况提出宏观性的决策意见,责成并督促政府和公安机关贯彻执行,这属于党对公安工作的()
在特殊情况下,下级机关可以越级请示。()
受益人故意造成被保险人死亡,骗取保险金,数额较大的,应定()。
最新回复
(
0
)