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Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes: emotional reactions as well as logical thought

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问题     Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes: emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. "The burnt child fears the fire" is one instance; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both these examples also point up the fact that attitudes come from experience. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were influenced largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.
    The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose words are highly regarded by them.
    Another reason it is true is that pupils often devote their time to a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
    The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies(with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities), science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom…these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions.
    However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain experiences.
    To illustrate, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.
    Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be negative if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.
First-grade pupils and older children are mentioned in paragraph 6 so as to______.
选项 A、reveal the necessity of pupils’ chatting with the neighborhood officer
B、indicate various ways of developing attitudes for older children
C、manifest the significance of helping children obtain constructive experiences
D、illustrate the urgent need of changing children’s undesirable attitudes
答案C
解析 根据题干信号词First-grade pupils and older children以及出处提示in Paragraph6可回文定位到第六段，但鉴于例证题的思路是跳出例子本身，根据其上文或下文(尤其上文)信息找寻解题线索，考生可将上文，即第五段尾句，锁定为本题目的“题眼”：She can achieve the proper—effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences(她可通过帮助孩子们获得有益经历的方式达到理想的效果)。由此可知，第六段举例的目的是例证“帮孩子获取有益经历的重要性”，因此C项正确。
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考研英语一

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