首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In 1896 a Georgian couple suing for damages in the accidental death of their two-year-old was told that since the child had made
In 1896 a Georgian couple suing for damages in the accidental death of their two-year-old was told that since the child had made
admin
2018-06-06
77
问题
In 1896 a Georgian couple suing for damages in the accidental death of their two-year-old was told that since the child had made no real economic contribution to the family, there was no liability for damages. In contrast, less than a century later, in 1979, the parents of a three-year-old sued in New York for accidental-death damages and won an award of $750,000. The transformation in social values implicit in juxtaposing these two incidents is the subject of Viviana Zelizer’s excellent book, Pricing the Priceless Child.
During the nineteenth century, she argues, the concept of the "useful" child who contributed to the family economy gave way gradually to the present-day notion of the "useless" child who, though producing no income for, and indeed extremely costly to, its parents, is yet considered emotionally "priceless". Well established among segments of the middle and upper classes by the mid-1800’s, this new view of childhood spread throughout society in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries as reformers introduced child-labor regulations and compulsory education laws predicated in part on the assumption that a child’s emotional value made child labor taboo.
For Zelizer the origins of this transformation were many and complex. The gradual erosion of children’s productive value in a maturing industrial economy, the decline in birth and death rates, especially in child mortality, and the development of the companionate family(a family in which members were united by explicit bonds of love rather than duty)were all factors critical in changing the assessment of children’s worth.
Yet "expulsion of children from the ’cash nexus’. ...although clearly shaped by profound changes in the economic, occupational, and family structures," Zelizer maintains, was also part of a cultural process of "sacralization" of children’s lives. "Protecting children from the crass business world became enormously important for late-nineteenth-century middle-class Americans," she suggests: this sacralization was a way of resisting what they perceived as the relentless corruption of human values by the marketplace.
In stressing the cultural determinants of a child’s worth, Zelizer takes issue with practitioners of the new sociological economics, who have analyzed such traditionally sociological topics as crime, marriage, education and health solely in terms of their economic determinants. Allowing only a small role for cultural forces in the form of individual "preferences", these sociologists tend to view all human behavior as directed primarily by the principle of maximizing economic gain. Zelizer is highly critical of this approach, and emphasizes instead the opposite phenomenon: the power of social values to transform price. As children became more valuable in emotional terms, she argues, their "exchange" or "surrender" value on the market, that is, the conversion of their intangible worth into cash terms, became much greater.
The primary purpose of the passage is to______.
选项
A、review the literature in a new academic sub-field
B、present the central thesis of a recent book
C、contrast two approaches to analyzing historical change
D、refute a traditional explanation of a social phenomenon
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/GBSO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI中级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI中级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Falsificationofdatacanbearetrogressiveandcorruptactivitythatisseriousanddangerousforanycompany,instituteorgo
Until______ofthebodyclockhasoccurred,individualssufferingfromthejetlagfeeltiredinthedaytimeandfailtosleepat
Howmuchphysicalactivityshouldteenagersdo,andhowcantheygetenough?Manyteenagersspendalot
AlthoughtherearemanyskillfulBraillereaders,thousandsofotherblindpeoplefinditdifficulttolearnthatsystemTheyar
MargieappliedtoCentrelinkforNewstart,butgivingthecouplehavehadvariousmicrobusinesses,theapplicationprocesswas
Mankind’sfascinationwithgoldisasoldascivilizationitself.TheancientEgyptiansesteemedgold,whichhadreligioussigni
Mankind’sfascinationwithgoldisasoldascivilizationitself.TheancientEgyptiansesteemedgold,whichhadreligioussigni
A、Acoupleofpeopleleftduringthediscussion.B、Allbutafewpeoplesharedtheirideas.C、Onepersonspokeandotherslisten
It’s3am,pitchdarkandyoucan’tsleep.Howcanyousurvivethenextdayafterbeingawakesolongthenightbefore?Difficul
随机试题
计量检定工作可由国家法制计量部门或其他法定授权组织进行。
下列治疗不正确的是
核象右移是指中性粒细胞5叶核以上者超过总数的
甲、乙各以20%与80%的份额共有一间房屋,出租给丙。现甲欲将自己的份额转让,请问下列表述中哪一说法是正确的?
为了搞好目标控制工作,需要做好( )方面的组织工作。
结构物处回填,一般要到基础混凝土或砌体的水泥砂浆强度达到设计强度的( )以上时才能填筑。
某校四年级原有2个班,现在要重新编为3个班,将原一班同学的与原二班同学的组成新一班,将原一班同学的与原二班同学的组成新二班,余下的60名同学组成新三班。如果新一班的人数比新二班的人数多10%,那么原一班有多少名同学?
判别下列正项级数的敛散性:
Fifteenyearsago,IenteredtheBostonGlobe,whichwasatempletomethen.Itwasn’teasygettinghired.Butonceyouwereth
A、Themanwantstorentahouse:B、Themanwantstosellhisroom.C、Themanwantstorentaroomwherehecanhaveabathandc
最新回复
(
0
)