首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the art of the Middle Ages, we never encounter the personality of the artist as an individual; rather it is diffused through
In the art of the Middle Ages, we never encounter the personality of the artist as an individual; rather it is diffused through
admin
2011-01-10
54
问题
In the art of the Middle Ages, we never encounter the personality of the artist as an individual; rather it is diffused through the artistic genius of centuries embodied in the rules of religious art. Art of the Middle Ages is first a sacred script, the symbols and meanings of which were well settled. The circular halo placed vertically behind the head signifies sainthood, while the halo impressed with a cross signifies divinity. By bare feet, we recognize God, the angels, Jesus Christ and the apostles, but for an artist to have depicted the Virgin Mary with bare feet would have been tantamount to heresy. Several concentric, wavy lines represent the sky, while parallel lines water or the sea. A tree, which is to say a single stalk with two or three stylized leaves, informs us that the scene is laid on earth. A tower with a window indicates a village, and, should an angel be watching from depicted with curly hair, a short beard, and a tonsure, while Saint Paul has always a bald head and a long beard.
A second characteristic of this iconography is obedience to a sacred mathematics. "The Divine Wisdom," wrote Saint Augustine, "reveals itself everywhere in numbers", a doctrine attributable to the neo—Platonists who revived the genius of Pythagoras. Twelve is the master number of the Church and is the product of three, the number of the Trinity, and four, the number of material elements. The number seven, the most mysterious of all numbers, is the sum of four and three. There are the seven ages of man, seven virtues, seven planets. In the final analysis, the seven-tone scale of Gregorian music is the sensible embodiment of the order of the universe. Numbers require also symmetry. At Charters, a stained glass window shows the four prophets, Isaac, Ezekiel, Daniel, and Jeremiah, carrying on their shoulders the four evangelists, Matthew, Mark, Luke and John.
A third characteristic of art is to be a symbolic language, showing us one thing and inviting us to see another. In this respect, the artist was called upon to imitate God, who had hidden a profound meaning behind the literal and wished nature itself to be a moral lesson to man. Thus, every painting is an allegory. In a scene of the final judgment, we can see the foolish virgins at the left hand of Jesus and the wise at his right, and we understand that this symbolizes those who are lost and those who are saved. Even seemingly insignificant details carry hidden meaning. The lion in a stained glass window is the figure of the Resurrection.
These, then, are the defining characteristics of art of the Middle Ages, a system within which even the most mediocre talent was elevated by the genius of the centuries. The artists of the early Renaissance broke with traditional at their own peril. When they are not outstanding, they are scarcely able to avoid insignificance and banality in their religious works, and, even when they are great, they are no more than the equals of the old masters who passively followed the sacred rules.
What does the circular halo placed behind the head signify in the art of the Middle Ages?
选项
A、Divinity.
B、Sainthood.
C、God.
D、Sky.
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/GXcO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI中级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI中级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Thefactthatthemanagementistryingtoreachagreement______fiveseparateunionshasledtolongnegotiations.
Inonesense,wecantracealltheproblemsoftheAmericancityback【C1】______asinglestartingpoint;weAmericansdon’tlike
Healwaysincludedsomethingabovetheunderstandingofhishearersinordertopreventthemfrombecoming______andtostimulate
Sino-foreigneducationalprogramonbusinessispopularinChinanow,andthedemandforhighlevelinterpretationisgreat.
Norevolutionsintechnologyhaveasvisiblymarkedthehumanconditionasthoseintransport.Movinggoodsandpeople,theyhav
Norevolutionsintechnologyhaveasvisiblymarkedthehumanconditionasthoseintransport.Movinggoodsandpeople,theyhav
Americans,increasinglyconsumedbyfearswhatChinaposesacommercialandmilitarythreat,shouldbemindfulofcompetitionfo
中国的对外开放是“引进来”与“走出去”相结合的对外开放。中国政府在鼓励外商来华投资的同时,支持并鼓励有实力的中国企业到海外投资。在中国政府的大力推进下,近年来,中国企业实施“走出去”战略实现了较大跨越。截至2006年底,中国企业在160多个国家和地区投资设
我想谈一下全球经济增长与宏观政策作用之间的关系。我先来回顾一下全球经济。全球经济的表现比一年前人们所担心的要好得多了,现在预计全球经济增长今年将达到4.5%,为五年以来的最高水平。美国再一次成为全球经济增长的主动力,但是中国急速的工业化进程也刺激了全球的经
A、Theycountedthenumberofpencilsofeachcolor.B、Theyguessedatthetotalnumberofpencils.C、Theycountedonlythepenci
随机试题
Haveyoueverbeentemptedtocutacornerortotaketheeasiestroute,thoughyouknowitmaynotnecessarilybethebestone?
A.心尖区舒张中晚期隆隆样杂音B.心尖区全收缩期吹风样杂音C.胸骨左缘第3肋间舒张早期叹气样杂音D.胸骨右缘第2肋间3/6级以上收缩期吹风样杂音E.心尖区柔和的收缩期吹风样杂音主动脉瓣狭窄
排钾利尿药不宜与何种药复方联用()
下列各项中,()不属于支付结算基本原则。
下列所有权取得方式中,属于原始取得的有()。
文化层次、品位较高的旅游者,大多严谨持重,发表意见往往经过深思熟虑,一旦发表()。
下列关于有效测验的四个必要条件的说法中,错误的是()。
面向数据流的软件设计方法,一般是把数据流图中的数据流划分为______流和______流。
下列叙述中,错误的是
WhyistheNativeLanguageLearntSoWell?Howdoesithappenthatchildrenlearntheirmothertonguesowell?Whenwecompa
最新回复
(
0
)