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  3. In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide acts rather like a one-mirror-the glass in the roof of a greenhouse which allows the sun’s ray

In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide acts rather like a one-mirror-the glass in the roof of a greenhouse which allows the sun’s ray

admin2012-01-19  30
问题     In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide acts rather like a one-mirror-the glass in the roof of a greenhouse which allows the sun’s rays to enter but prevents the heat from escaping.
    According to a weather expert’s prediction, the atmosphere will be 3℃ warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate. If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several meters and severely flooding coastal cities. Also the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere, possibly resulting in an alteration of the earth’s chief food-growing zones.
    In the past, concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet. But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming: in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels.
    Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarcitic ice are already disappearing. The evidence available suggests that a warming takes place. This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth.
    However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern hemisphere, where temperatures seem to falling. Scientists conclude, therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man. The question is: Which natural cause has the most effect on the weather?
    On possibility is the variable behavior of the sun. Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and "cold" spots (that is, the relatively less hot spots) on the sun. As the sun rotated, every 27.5 days, it presents hotter of "colder" face to the earth, and different aspects to different parts of the earth. This seems to have a considerable effect on the distribution of the earth’s atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation. The sun is also variable over a long term: its heat output goes up and down in cycles, the latest trend being downward.
    Scientists are now finding mutual relations between models of solar-weather interactions and the actual climate over many thousands of years, including the last Ice Age. The problem is that the models are predicting that the world should be entering new Ice Age and it is not. One way of solving this theoretical difficulty is to assume a way of thousands of years while the solar effects overcome the inertia (惯性的) of the earth’s climate. If this is right, the warming effect of carbon dioxide might thus be serving a useful counter-balance to the sun’s diminishing heat.  
On the basis of their models, scientists are of the opinion that ______.
选项 A、the climate of the world should be becoming cooler
B、it will take thousands of years for the inertia of the earth’s climate to take effect
C、the man-made warming effect helps to increase the solar effects
D、the new Ice Age will be delayed by the greenhouse effect
答案A
解析
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