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  3. When I ask veteran college teachers and administrators to describe how college students have changed over the years, I often get

When I ask veteran college teachers and administrators to describe how college students have changed over the years, I often get

admin2019-08-08  80
问题    When I ask veteran college teachers and administrators to describe how college students have changed over the years, I often get an answer like this: "Today’s students are more accomplished than past generations, but they are also more emotionally fragile." That rings true to me.
   And if you hang around the middle aged, you hear a common story line to explain the rise of the orchid generation. Once upon a time, the story line goes, kids were raised in a tough environment. 【F1】But today, helicopter parents protect their children from setbacks and hardship; they supervise every playground conflict so kids never learn to handle disputes or deal with pain.
   There’s a lot of truth to that narrative, but let’s not be too sentimental for the past. A lot of what we take to be the toughness of the past was really just heartlessness. 【F2】There was a greater tendency in years gone by to wall off emotions, to put on a thick skin—for some men to be stone-like and uncommunicative and for some women to be brittle and untouchable.
   Perhaps it’s time to rethink toughness. Being emotionally tough is not some defensive posture. It’s not having some armor surrounding you so that nothing can hurt you.
   People are much stronger than they think they are when in pursuit of their purpose for living. In short, emotional fragility is not only caused by overprotective parenting. It’s also caused by anything that makes it harder for people to find their purpose for living. It’s caused by the culture of modem psychology, which sometimes tries to talk about psychological traits in isolation from moral purposes. 【F3】It’s caused by the guiding beliefs of the modern university, which in the name of "critical thinking" encourages students to be detached and destructively skeptical. It’s caused by the status code of modern meritocracy, which encourages people to pursue success symbols that they don’t actually desire.
   【F4】We are all fragile when we don’t know what our purpose is, when we haven’t thrown ourselves with abandon into a social role, when we haven’t committed ourselves to certain people, when we feel like a swimmer in an ocean with no edge.
   【F5】If you really want people to be tough, make them idealistic for some cause, make them tender for some other person, make them committed to some worldview that puts today’s temporary pain in the context of a larger hope.
   Emotional fragility seems like a psychological problem, but it has only a philosophical answer. People are really tough only after they have taken a leap of faith for some truth or mission or love.
【F3】
选项
答案它由现代大学的指导思想造成，这种思想以“批判思维”的名义鼓励学生少卷入其他事情，鼓励学生恶意怀疑。
解析 ①本句为复合句，包含一个非限制性定语从句。主句中，介词短语of the modern university作the guiding beliefs的后置定语，补充说明“指导思想”是源自现代大学。②定语从句修饰先行词the guiding beliefs，对现代大学的指导思想进行补充说明。定语从句中in the name of“critical thinking”在句中作状语成分，表示方式，说明如何鼓励学生。③句末to be detached and destructively skeptical作students的宾语补足语，说明鼓励学生做何事。
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