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  3. Futurists have identified two changes that seem to be central to contemporary social life. First, the U-nited States is being re

Futurists have identified two changes that seem to be central to contemporary social life. First, the U-nited States is being re

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问题     Futurists have identified two changes that seem to be central to contemporary social life. First, the U-nited States is being restructured from an industrial to an information society. Second, modern societies are increasingly shifting from a national to a global economy. Futurists have applied a good many metaphors to these changes, including Daniel Bell’s "postindustrial society", Alvin Toffier’s "the third wave" and John Naisbitt’s "megatrends ". Common to these metaphors is the notion that American society is shifting from the production of goods to the production of services and from society based on the coordination of people and machines to a society organized around knowledge. These changes, it is contended, will afford a myriad of choices. The world will increasingly be one of many flavors, not just vanilla(香草)or chocolate.
    Many observers of contemporary American life believe that we are witnessing a historical change and the first major impact of the shift from an energy economy to an information economy. For 300 years technology has been cast in a mechanical model, one based on the combustion processes that go on inside a star like the sun. The steam engine opened the mechanical age, and it reached its peak with the discovery of nuclear fission and nuclear fusion, which replicated the energy producing processes of a star. We now seem to be moving toward a biological model based on information and involving the intensive use of materials. Although biological processes need physical energy and materials, they tend to substitute information for both. Biological processes "miniaturize" size, energy, and materials by "exploding" information. The human brain is some ten times the size and weight of the brain of a lemur, but it handles a billion times more information. As a result, high tech industries are information intensive rather than energy or material intensive.
    Sociologists have played and will continue to play an important role in assessing and interpreting these developments and other aspects of change.
What characterizes the information society?
选项 A、The amount of knowledge to be learned.
B、Physical energy and materials.
C、Rapid change and its social effects.
D、Small size and high capacity.
答案D
解析 题目问：信息时代的特征是什么?第二段“We now seem to be moving toward a biological modelbased on information and involving the intensive use of materials．．．high tech industries are informationintensive rather than energy or material intensive．”通过这句话可知，信息社会的特点是：小体积和大容量。据此判断，应选择D。
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