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Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop at the signal. You may tak
Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop at the signal. You may tak
admin
2019-09-22
76
问题
Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear each passage only once. Now, let’s begin.
I’m going to talk about where technology is going. I think one of the chief tendencies in technology today is to make things smarter and smarter. I call it artificial intelligence, or AI. When we use AI, we get robots. And robots are going to be doing many of the tasks that are now done by us. They’re going to redefine our jobs and create whole new types of tasks that we didn’t know before. And I think that’s going to be one of the most influential developments in our society in the next 20 years.
Of course, we already have artificial intelligence. And often it works in the background, in the back offices of hospitals, where it’s used to diagnose X-rays better than a human doctor. It’s in legal offices, where it’s used to go through legal evidence better than a human lawyer. It’s used to fly planes. During a flight, pilots only fly the plane for seven to eight minutes, the rest of the time the AI drives. And of course, in Amazon and Alibaba, it’s in the background, making those smart recommendations. So, AI is already here. There is an example we can use: with the win of the Alpha Go, who beat the world’s greatest Go champion. But it’s more than that. If you play a video game, you’re playing against an AI. But recently, Google taught their AI to actually learn how to play video games. So, teaching video games had already been done, but learning how to play a video game is another step. That is artificial smartness.
There are two aspects to this general trend that I think are not well appreciated. First, our own intelligence has a very poor understanding of what intelligence is. We tend to think of intelligence as a single dimension. It starts with an IQ measurement, very low IQ in a rat, and more in a monkey, and then more in an average person like myself, and then more in a genius. But that’s completely wrong. That’s not what intelligence is. Human intelligence is much more like a symphony of different instruments, and each sound is played by a different instrument.
Second, we are going to use AI to make a second Industrial Revolution. The first Industrial Revolution was based on what I would call artificial power. Previous to that, during the Agricultural Revolution, everything that was made had to be made with human muscle or animal power. That was the only way to get anything done. The great innovation during the Industrial Revolution was that we harnessed steam power and fossil fuels in order to make an artificial power that we could use to do anything we wanted to do. So today when you drive a car on the highway, you can easily use the power of 250 horses, that is, 250 horsepower. With artificial power, we can build skyscrapers and make factories that turn out products way beyond our own power.
And that artificial power can also be distributed on wires on a grid to every home, factory, farm, so that anybody can buy that artificial power. And now we’re going to do the same thing with Artificial Intelligence. You can add some AI, and now you have a smart anything. And, multiplied by a million times, it’s going to be the second Industrial Revolution. So now the car is going down the highway, it’s 250 horsepower, but in addition, it is an auto-driven car. AI is going to flow across the grid — the cloud — in the same way electricity did.
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答案
我打算谈一谈技术的发展趋势。我认为当前最重要的一个发展趋势是让事物变得越来越聪明,我管它叫做人工智能,或者叫AI。如果我们使用AI,就有了机器人。机器人可以完成许多我们今天亲力亲为的任务,重新定义我们的工作,创造各种过去不为我们所知的全新任务。我认为在未来二十年中这将是社会中最具影响力的一个发展趋势。 其实,我们现在已经在使用人工智能。它们通常都隐身在后台工作,在医院里,A1分析X光片的水准比人类医生还要棒。在律所里,AI核查证物的本事比人类律师还要强。我们乘坐的飞机是由AI驾驶的。在飞行时,飞行员人工操控就七八分钟,其余的时间都是AI在操控。还有,亚马逊和阿里巴巴,都是AI在后台进行智能支持,提出明智的建议。这些都是我们已经实现了的。还有一个我们能看到的例子,就是“阿尔法狗”战胜了人类围棋世界冠军。但还不止于此。我们打电玩时,对手往往是AI。不过最近,谷歌教会了他们的AI自己学习如何打电子游戏。就是说,教AI打游戏已经不是什么新鲜事了,但要AI自己学习打游戏则是另一个境界。这就是人工智慧。 在这个大趋势中,我认为有两点尚未被充分认识。第一点,我们人类的智力并未充分弄明白什么是智能。我们通常把智能看成是单维度的,用智商来衡量它:老鼠的智商较低,猴子的智商高一些,再高的是像我一样的普通人,最高的是天才。但这种看法是完全错误的。这根本就不是智能,人类智能更像由不同乐器组成的交响乐演奏,每个音符由不同的乐器来奏响。 第二点,我们将用AI推动第二次工业革命。在第一次工业革命中,人类发明了我称之为“人造动力”的东西。在此之前,在农业革命时期,制造业靠人力驱动,或者靠畜力。除此之外别无他法。工业革命时期的伟大发明就是人们利用化石燃料和蒸汽所产生的“人造动力”来做我们想做的任何事情。因此今天,当我们开车行驶在高速路上,很容易使用250匹马的力量——或者说,250马力。我们可以用“人造动力”建造高楼大厦,让工厂源源不断地批量生产产品,远远超出了人力所为。 这种“人造动力”还可以通过电网和电线输送到每个家庭、工厂和农庄,任何人都可以购买这种“人造动力”。现在我们要用AI做同样的事情。在任何东西上加载AI,它们就变得更加聪明。类似的改造叠加上百万次,就会产生第二次工业革命。那么将来汽车行驶在高速路上,它不仅有250马力,还是一辆自动驾驶汽车。AI将会在云端传输,就像电在电网传输一样。
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