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  3. As secretary of education. Arne Duncan is overally responsible for grades K(kindergarten)through 12. Some of the $ 4 billio

As secretary of education. Arne Duncan is overally responsible for grades K(kindergarten)through 12. Some of the $ 4 billio

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问题     As secretary of education. Arne Duncan is overally responsible for grades K(kindergarten)through 12.
    Some of the $ 4 billion funding—【C1】______for innovations—has been used to encourage states to abolish laws that prohibited【C2】______teacher evaluations to students’ achievements. It is, Duncan acknowledges. unfair for teachers to be held【C3】______for test scores of students from poor or broken homes, but it can be fair to link teachers’ evaluations to students’ improvements.
    Children can meet many states’ standards for【C4】______, Duncan says, and yet have no realistic【C5】______of flourishing in college. Indeed, he says, " most " U. S. high-school graduates are "unprepared" for college.
    Funding for grades K through 12 comes in large【C6】______from property taxes, and the housing crash【C7】______property valuations. But budget problems【C8】______municipalities(市政当局)can, Duncan thinks, have benefits because "when you’re flush, you keep doing the same things".
    America’s per-pupil spending is higher than that of the other OECD(经合组织)nations【C9】______Luxembourg. "Students in Estonia and Poland, " Duncan says, "【C10】______at roughly the same level as those in the U. S. ,【C11】______Estonia and Poland spend less than half as much per student. " But many higher-performing countries【C12】______higher teacher salaries rather than smaller class sizes.
    Although teachers’ unions are eager to【C13】______class sizes, thereby increasing the demand for more dues-paying(付会费的)teachers, Duncan knows there is no strong【C14】______between smaller class sizes and increased learning.
    The Economist recently reported that in Singapore,【C15】______to the teacher-training program must be in the top 30 percent of their【C16】______class. In South Korea, teachers are drawn from the top 10 percent of college【C17】______. While in America, only 23 percent of new teachers come from the top third.
    A【C18】______of excellent replacements is Teach for America, which Duncan says has "broken the monopoly" of education schools and departments over the【C19】______of teachers. Teach for America last year received【C20】______from 12 percent of Ivy League seniors. There are 95, 000 schools in America, and, Duncan says, "if we had 95, 000 good principals, we’d be done. " Done, that is, worrying about K-through-12 education.  
【C5】
选项 A、rope
B、hope
C、pope
D、loop
答案B
解析 名词辨析题。此处意为“无望在大学里成功”，故选hope，意为“希望”。
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