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  3. Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between the NHS and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides m

Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between the NHS and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides m

admin2022-05-13  33
问题     Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between the NHS and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind, owned by Google’s owners, is one of the leading artificial intelligence outfits in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great. But it could also lead to further concentration of power in the tech giants. It is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients in 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients’ rights and their expectations of privacy.
    DeepMind has almost apologized. The trust has mended its ways. Further arrangements—and there may be many—between the NHS and DeepMind will be carefully scrutinized to ensure that all necessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has been removed. There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. But privacy is not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. Ms Denham chose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since under existing law it "controlled" the data and DeepMind merely "processed" it. But this distinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value.
    The great question is who should benefit from the analysis of all the data that our lives now generate. Privacy law builds on the concept of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them. That misses the way the surveillance economy works. The data of an individual gains its value only when it is compared with the data of countless millions more.
    The use of privacy law to curb the tech giants in this instance, or of competition law in the case of the EU’s dispute with Google, both feel slightly maladapted. They do not address the real worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops will benefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them using public resources. If software promises to save lives on the scale that drugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as big pharma has done. We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism. Ms Denham’s report is a welcome start.
The underlined word "maladapted" (Line 2, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to "________".
选项 A、suitable
B、disordered
C、accurate
D、improper
答案D
解析 词义题。根据题干可定位至第四段第一句。根据其后第二句They do not address the real worry. “它们没有解决真正的担忧。”可知，前句亦为否定表述。并且从构词法的角度理解maladapted=mal(坏) -adapt(适应) -ed(的) ，与D项表述相近，故正确答案为D项；A项和C项均为正面词汇，故均排除；B项虽然也是负面词，但不如D项贴切，亦排除，故本题答案为D项。
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