首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
(46)A "scientific" view of language was dominant among philosophers and linguists who affected to develop a scientific analysis
(46)A "scientific" view of language was dominant among philosophers and linguists who affected to develop a scientific analysis
admin
2009-04-26
92
问题
(46)
A "scientific" view of language was dominant among philosophers and linguists who affected to develop a scientific analysis of human thought and behavior in the early part of this century.
Under the force of this view, it was perhaps inevitable that the art of rhetoric should pass from the status of being regarded as of questionable worth (because although it might be both a source of pleasure and a means to urge people to right action, it might also be a means to distort truth and a source of misguided action) to the status of being wholly condemned. (47)
If people are regarded only as machines guided by logic as they were by these "scientific" thinkers, rhetoric is likely to be held in low regard: for the most obvious truth about rhetoric is that it speaks to the whole person.
It presents its arguments first to the person as a rational being, because persuasive discourse, if honestly conceived, always has a basis in reasoning. Logical argument is the plot, as it were, of any speech or essay that is respectfully intended to persuade people. (48)
Yet it is a characterizing feature of rhetoric that goes beyond this and appeals to the parts of our nature that are involved in feeling, desiring, acting, and suffering.
It recalls relevant instances of the emotional reactions of people to circumstances—real or fictional—that are similar to our own circumstances. (49)
Such is the purpose of both historical accounts and fables in persuasive discourse: they indicate literally or symbolically how people may react emotionally, with hope or fear, to particular circumstances.
A speech attempting to persuade people can achieve little unless it takes into account the aspect of their being related to such hopes and fears.
Rhetoric, then, is addressed to human beings living at particular times and in particular places. From the point of view of rhetoric, we are not merely logical thinking machines, creatures abstracted from time and space. The study of rhetoric should therefore be considered the most humanistic of the humanities, since rhetoric is not directed only to our rational selves. It takes into account what the "scientific" view leaves out. If it is weakness to harbor feelings, then rhetoric may be thought of as dealing in weakness. (50)
But those who reject the idea of rhetoric because they believe it deals in lies and who at the same time hope to move people to action must either be liars themselves or be very naive.
Pure logic has never been a motivating force unless it has been subordinated to human purposes, feelings, and desires, and thereby ceased to be pure logic.
Notes: rhetoric修辞学。discourse 论文,讲演,语篇。as it were 可以说是,姑且这么说。
选项
答案
但是那些因为认为修辞学是讨论谎言而摒弃修辞学的理论而同时又希望推动人们采取行支的人必定要么自己就是撒谎者,要么就是十分天真。
解析
两个who引导两个并列的定语从句,修饰those。must be表示对现在的状况的肯定推测,常译为"必定是"。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/J1a4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
HenricIbsen,authoroftheplay"ADoll’sHouse",inwhichapretty,helplesshousewifeabandonsherhusbandandchildrentose
HenricIbsen,authoroftheplay"ADoll’sHouse",inwhichapretty,helplesshousewifeabandonsherhusbandandchildrentose
Accordingtoarecentsurveyonmoneyandrelationships,36percentofpeoplearekeepingabankaccountfromtheirpartner.Whi
Voiceswere______astheargumentbetweenthetwomotoristsbecamemorebad-tempered.
WholesalepricesinJulyrosemoresharplythanexpectedandatafasterratethanconsumerprices.【1】thatbusinesseswerestill
Languageisthemostastonishingbehaviorintheanimalkingdom.Itisthespecies-typicalbehaviorthatsetshumanscompletely【
Languageisthemostastonishingbehaviorintheanimalkingdom.Itisthespecies-typicalbehaviorthatsetshumanscompletely【
It’sanannualargument.Doweordowenotgoonholiday?Mypartnersaysnobecausetheboilercouldgo,ortherooffalloff,
TheDonaldTrumpadministrationannouncedThursdayanewplanaroundtheprotectionofendangeredspecies.Accordingtotheadmi
Thatmythicalbeast,homoeconomicus,otherwisecalledEconomicman,isutterlyclearaboutthepurposeofwork:togetpaid.He
随机试题
1995年,设在A国的美美公司获利200万美元。其设在B国的分公司获利20万美元。设在C国的子公司获利30万美元,从税后利润中向美关公司支付股息10万美元。问题:(1)在1995年中,美美公司及其分公司和子公司,应缴纳多少税?(2)在上述纳
必要条件假言推理否定前件式的推理形式是:()
A.白细胞B.纤维素C.血小板和纤维素D.血小板和白细胞E.白细胞和纤维素透明血栓的组成是
鉴别原发性涎腺腺癌和转移性甲状腺癌的是用于鉴别肌上皮细胞的是
建设部、国家文物局于1994年在总结保护规划编制实践的基础上,颁布了《历史文化名城保护规划编制要求》,其中没有包括的方面为()。
堆石体填筑采用后退法,其填筑工艺的特点有()。
根据所给出的结果和对应到实数空间的函数取值范围,随机变量分为()。
一般情况下,佣金代理商()市场风险。
以下哪几种治疗可用于治疗情境性恐怖?()
2011年1月25日,国际货币基金组织(IMF)发布了最新的《世界经济展望》和《全球金融稳定报告》,报告预计2011年全球经济增速最快的仍是()。
最新回复
(
0
)