首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Informed public debate critical to future of genomic medicine Just mentioning "stem-cell research" or "genomic medicine" can
Informed public debate critical to future of genomic medicine Just mentioning "stem-cell research" or "genomic medicine" can
admin
2012-11-22
54
问题
Informed public debate critical to future of genomic medicine
Just mentioning "stem-cell research" or "genomic medicine" can open a floodgate of beliefs, concerns and, misinformation. Opinions are varied, mixed with fact and fiction, but one thing is clear: Open dialogue among researchers, teachers and the general public must continue as we struggle to define the relationship between our societal values and lifesciences research.
When the University of Washington .and the National Human Genome Research Institute hosted a community genetics forum last spring, questions abounded from the standing-room-only crowd about the implications of genetic research.
When is information about genetic health risks most helpful? Should genetic testing results be part of medical records and how would the results be used potentially by insurance companies? How can genetic testing benefit the criminal-justice system, such as establishings guilt or innocence using DNA testing,
The Human Genome Project will lead to amazing advances in medical science that will result in earlier diagnosis, more-targeted treatment, and a dramatic improvement in our ability to prevent terrible diseases. Genomic medicine will mean more personalized medicine tailored to the individual.
But these advances also carry inherent risks.
The obvious benefits of "personalized medicine" —use of genetic tests to guide preventive care and better drug prescribing—are counterbalanced by the possibility that such tests could lead to discrimination by insurers or employers. And, since genetic risk is often only one of the contributing factors to disease, overemphasis on personalized medicine could burden our health-care system with genetic tests of little or no benefit.
For example, smoking, diet and exercise play major roles in the risk of diabetes and heart disease. Identification of a genetic risk for these diseases can provide specific information for more-effective preventive care, but should not detract from pursuit of a healthy lifestyle.
The greatest health benefits of genomic research likely will come from insights into the basic biology of health and disease. This will ultimately lead to improved prevention and treatment—often without any need for genetic testing—for many diseases. The outcome from this research can be "precision medcine" —a morecost-effective approach to providing high-quality care. Thus, genomic medicine has the potential to improve the value of health care.
An example of the potential of genomic medicine to improve quality and reduce cost is the work of UW researchers Mark Rieder, Allan Rettie and Debbie Nickerson. They recently reported the discovery of a genetic method for accurately determining the proper dosage of a common blood-thinning drug, warfarin, which often produces adverse side effects because of its highly variable activity in patients.
Millions of people worldwide take worldwide to prevent stroke and blood clots, yet require expensive, constant testing from their physician to ensure proper dosage. These scientists’ findings illustrate how the powerful DNA analysis tools of the Human Genome Project are leading to a new era of tailoring drugs and therapies to an individual’s genome. Genomic medicine can lead to more-precise, personalized and cost- effective health care.
Medical advances always involve risk of harm, and genomic medicine is no exception. While technical issues require scientific research, we believe the challenges posed by genetic testing are far too critical to be left to the deliberation of scientists alone.
All members of society should have the opportunity to engage in collaborative discussion about the benefits and harms of genetic testing. Informed public discussion is vital to continue advances that hold so much promise for improving the value of health care.
Both educational resources and major organizational efforts will be needed to create opportunities for open discussion. But the most important resources are people’s time and their willingness to invest it in these discussions.
Researchers, teachers and the media have an obligation to create opportunities for sharing accurate, well-balanced information about potential uses of genomic technology.
Identification of a genetic risk for these diseases can provide specific information for more-effective preventive care.
选项
A、Y
B、N
C、NG
答案
A
解析
从第七段第二句可知
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/J2w7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
ApaperpublishedbytworesearchersattheUniversityofLondonclaimstoprovethatmusicaffectsourresponsestovisualimag
A、Somethingiswrongwithhercar.B、Thecostofthefuelishigh.C、It’scheaptotakebus.D、Shethinkspublictransportation
A、Justgetthetreatmentfromthefirstdoctor.B、Takeadifferentkindofmedicine.C、Askanotherdoctorforadvice.D、Togett
TheUnitedStatesgovernmentwantstoknowwhatthepublicthinksaboutitsfindingsonthesafetyof【36】animals.TheFooda
TheUnitedStatesgovernmentwantstoknowwhatthepublicthinksaboutitsfindingsonthesafetyof【36】animals.TheFooda
Ifyouarealways______byuncertaintyindoinganything,you’llcometonothing.
Thegovernmentthatrefusestomeettheneedsofitspeoplemustbearthe______.
Eventhoughshehadn’tseenitformanyyears,thewoman______hersons’handwriting.
Everybodywastestime.Insteadofdoinghishomework,theschoolboywatches【36】.Insteadofwritingher【37】,thestudentgoesou
A、Water.B、Crops.C、Money.D、Trees.B由对话中提到的thefarmersdon’thavearealproblemwiththeelephantsuntiltheelephantsstarte
随机试题
男,40岁,急性化脓性腹膜炎,血压75/45mmHg,经积极抗休克治疗,仍不好转,此时最适宜的治疗是()
A、B两山村之间的路不是上坡就是下坡,相距60千米。邮递员骑车从A村到B村,用了3.5小时;再沿原路返回,用了4.5小时。已知上坡时邮递员车速是12千米/时,则下坡时邮递员的车速是()。
当二级市场ETF交易价格低于其份额净值,即发生折价交易时,大的投资者可以通过在二级市场买进(),然后在一级市场赎回份额,再于二级市场上卖掉()而实现套利交易。
股份有限公司的股东出席股东大会会议,所持每一股份有一表决权。公司可以以持有的本公司股份进行表决。()
教育改革的核心是()。
下列有关财务报表审阅的说法,恰当的有()。
人们必须重视书本知识,这是因为()。
往往,无法改变生存环境的无力感,或相信有某个人在某个地方遥控我们行动的想法,都会使我们对学习产生排斥情绪;相反的,如果知道命运是操纵在自己的手中,我们就会努力不断地学习和应变。因此,当我们对自己的行动有真正的责任感时,学习的速度也会变快。这段话主要支持这样
广告,即确定的组织或个人为了一定的目的,【145】付出的费用,在规定的时间【146】,按照要求,由指定的媒体,将真实信息传播出去的一种【147】活动。这个定义从实践中来,【148】能反映广告的本质属性,也能够解释除商业广告【149】的一些广告现象。如“征婚
Accuraterepresentationandreportingisvitalinthemediabecause______.InLine4,Para.3,theword"exacerbated"ismost
最新回复
(
0
)