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  3. 英语语言在世界上的地位 ——2017年英译汉及详解 The growth of the use of English as the world’ s primary language for international commu nica

英语语言在世界上的地位 ——2017年英译汉及详解 The growth of the use of English as the world’ s primary language for international commu nica

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问题 英语语言在世界上的地位
    ——2017年英译汉及详解
    The growth of the use of English as the world’ s primary language for international commu nication has obviously been continuing for several decades.【F1】But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.
    Complex international, economic, technological and cultural changes could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breadth of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those real istic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol.【F2】His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generations of the United Kingdom do not need additional languages capabilities.
    David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,【F3】many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British school-children and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages. If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resource in languages, such as Spanish, Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other languages such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.
    【F4】The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to the UK’s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly $1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related exports earn up to $10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the numbers of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.
   The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:【F5】It gives a basis to all organisations which seek to promote the learning and use of English, a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.
【F5】
选项
答案这一预期为这样一些机构奠定了基础，它们试图促进英语语言的学习和使用，也为满足这些可能性的计划奠定了基础，即人们可能能够建立一种截然不同的运行操作环境。
解析 本句考查的重点是：定语从句、省略句。
   句子主干为It gives a basis to all organizations。which seek to promote the learning and use of English 为which引导的定语从句，修饰organizations。a basis for…operating environment为省略句，其完整形式应为and gives a basis…operating environment。在该省略句中，for planning to meet the possibilities为定语，修饰basis，of…environment为定语，修饰possibilities。
   句首代词it指代上文中的anticipation，要将其翻译出来，不能直接译为“它”，句子主干部分顺译即可；which引导定语从句较长，应独立翻译成句，放在所修饰的名词后。省略句中planning to meet the possibilities若直译为“计划满足各种可能性”放在整个句子中不太通顺，可灵活译为“满足这些可能性的计划”；定语of及词短语较长，可独立翻译成句。
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