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  3. All mammals benefit from sleep in fundamental aspects for brain and body. For sleep to be beneficial, it must be of sufficient d

All mammals benefit from sleep in fundamental aspects for brain and body. For sleep to be beneficial, it must be of sufficient d

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问题 All mammals benefit from sleep in fundamental aspects for brain and body. For sleep to be beneficial, it must be of sufficient duration and physiological continuity. Conversely, sleep needs to retain a certain degree of fragility, because all sleeping organisms remain capable of a behavioral arousal response to salient stimuli and potential threats. To date, it is unclear how sleep generates advantageous effects while maintaining sensory responsiveness and how the two opposite needs for continuity and fragility are balanced. Recently, given the enormous differences in sleep fragmentation between mammalian species, the idea of universal beneficial functions of sleep for all mammals has even been challenged.
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答案所有哺乳动物的大脑和身体在基本方面都通过睡眠受益。为了通过睡眠受益，必须有足够的睡眠持续时间和生理上的连续性。由于所有处于睡眠中的生物体依然能够对显著刺激和潜在威胁做出行为觉醒反应，睡眠反而需要保持一定程度的脆性。时至今日，对于睡眠如何产生有益效果而又同时保持感官反应，以及如何平衡连续性和脆性这两种相反的需求，还尚不清楚。最近，鉴于哺乳类动物之间断裂型睡眠的巨大差异，所有哺乳动物睡眠具有普遍受益功能的观点甚至受到了挑战。
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