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  3. Last month Sheryl Sandberg, chief operating officer at Facebook, published "Lean In", a controversial declaration on why women h

Last month Sheryl Sandberg, chief operating officer at Facebook, published "Lean In", a controversial declaration on why women h

admin2022-11-25  55
问题     Last month Sheryl Sandberg, chief operating officer at Facebook, published "Lean In", a controversial declaration on why women have not ascended to the most senior positions at companies. She concludes that it is partly women’s own fault: they do not "lean in" and ask for promotions, pipe up at meetings and insist on taking a seat at the table.
    Some of it is down to simple miscommunication. Barbara Annis and John Gray argue in "Work With Me" that men and women are biologically wired to think and react differently to situations, and have "gender blind spots" when it comes to understanding their co-workers’ behaviour. Ms Annis, who leads workshops on gender for big companies and governments, and Mr Gray, author of "Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus", a bestselling book in 1992 about relationship problems, have collaborated to produce an easy-to-read guide to workplace communications. Women ask more questions, gather more people’s opinions and seek collaboration with co-workers more frequently than men. Men view these preferences as signs of weakness, and women, in turn, grow annoyed by how competitively men work, and how quickly and subjectively they arrive at conclusions.
    If both female and male employees became more "gender intelligent" about how their work and behavioural preferences are hard-wired, it would contribute to a more harmonious workforce. Women have been choosing to leave companies at twice the rate of men, and more than half the women whom the authors met in workshops were considering leaving their firms. Women often tell their bosses that they are quitting for personal reasons, but the majority actually leave because they feel excluded from teams and not valued for their contributions.
    Communication and gender equality are not just problems at large firms. In "A Rising Tide" Susan Coleman and Alicia Robb look beyond women’s experience at big companies. They focus instead on women entrepreneurs, who have the potential to become leaders in their field, earn a high income and hire more women. In a positive shift, women have been starting more firms in the past decade. However, these tend to be in the service and retail industries (as opposed to fast-growth industries like technology). They also remain smaller than men’s firms.
    Ms Coleman and Ms Robb point out that part of this may be by design; women sometimes want to keep their businesses small in order to balance their family responsibilities. However, women also often lack the financing that male entrepreneurs enjoy. They have fewer savings, so usually launch their businesses with less capital than men, and are less likely to apply for a loan for fear of being denied.
    How has the success of high-achievers differentiated them from other women? In "The ×× Factor", Alison Wolf, the director of public policy and management at Kings College London, argues that there are now around 70 million highly educated, high-earning women around the world. They have more in common with elite men than with other women. These elite women tend to marry more often and have fewer children than less-educated women. They spend more time working, and, unexpectedly, more time parenting. Ms Sandberg also makes this point. As the demands on women in the workplace have increased, so too have the standards for being a good, involved mother—which adds to the challenges for women at the top.
    A. explains why more and more women are earning equal income with men.
    B. provides a guideline for readers to better communicate with the opposite sex in workplace.
    C. draws a comparison between men’s quitting reasons and women’s.
    D. finds that there are a large number of elite women who have more common with their male counterparts.
    E. focuses on the gender relationship problems.
    F. analyzes why women are not promoted to the highest level of companies.
    G. concludes that businesswomen tend to keep their firms smaller compared with men.
"A Rising Tide"
选项
答案G
解析 “A Rising‘Tide”一书出现在第四段。第四段介绍该书的内容。第三句说明该书关注的是women entrepreneurs“女企业主”。该段最后一句中的They指代这些女性创立的企业，指出她们的企业往往会比男性企业规模小。G项中的businesswomen与women entrepreneurs对应，keep their firms smaller则与最后一句对应，故G为答案。
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