首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Ursula Von Der Leyen, Germany’s labour minister, likes to point out that the two European Union countries with the lowest unempl
Ursula Von Der Leyen, Germany’s labour minister, likes to point out that the two European Union countries with the lowest unempl
admin
2016-03-10
31
问题
Ursula Von Der Leyen, Germany’s labour minister, likes to point out that the two European Union countries with the lowest unemployment, especially among the young, have dual-education systems: Austria and Germany. Like Switzerland, they have a tradition of combining apprenticeships with formal schooling for the young "so that education is always tied to demand," she says. When youths graduate, they often have jobs to walk into.
With youth unemployment in Germany and Austria below 8% against 56% in Spain and 38% in Italy, Mrs. Von Der Leyen has won Europe’s attention. Germany recently signed memoranda with Greece, Italy, Latvia, Portugal, Slovakia and Spain to help set up vocational-education systems. Mrs. Von Der Leyen discussed the topic in visits to Madrid in May and to Paris this week. There is even talk of a "new deal" for Europe, including bringing youths from crisis-hit countries to work in Germany and making more loans.
Germany is best known in euro-zone countries for its macroeconomic prescriptions of austerity and structural reform. So it helps politically that it should now be seen assisting people in those countries into jobs. But does its dual-education system deserve so much credit, and should other countries adopt it?
Although based on older traditions, it formally dates from 1969. Youths not interested in, or qualified for, university sign up for a programme in which they work three or four days a week for a firm that pays them and teaches relevant skills. The rest of the time they spend in school, completing mostly specialised courses. Chambers of commerce and industry associations make sure that the work and the teaching are matched. After three years or so, trainees are certified and, if they make a good impression, may stay as full-time workers.
About two in three young Germans go through this system and into about 350 careers. Some end up in blue-collar jobs, others in sales and marketing, shipping and agriculture, or pharmacology(药物学)and accounting. The practical nature of the education is an advantage, as is the mutual screening between potential employers and employees during training.
Yet the system existed in the 1990s, when Germany was the " sick man of Europe" and had high unemployment. German success today surely owes more to its labour-market and welfare reforms of a decade ago and to unions’ wage restraint. In an ageing and shrinking population, demography also helps, as fewer German graduates choose among more open jobs.
Ludger Wossmann, an economist at the Ifo Institute in Munich, suggests that vocational education can have bad side effects. In his research, countries that combined school and work-based education(Germany, Austria, Denmark and Switzerland)did much better at getting young people into jobs. But early training can turn into a disadvantage by the age of 50. It appears that skills learnt in vocational training "become obsolete at a faster rate. " Low youth unemployment today may thus come at the cost of higher old-age unemployment tomorrow.
Admittedly, that trade-off may seem abstract in such hard-hit countries as Greece, Portugal and Spain. "If the alternative to vocational education is no education and no job, " says Mr. Wossmann, " a dual system should be tried. " That said, traditions of cooperation among state, unions, employers and schools took generations to evolve in Germanic countries. A new deal on such a basis cannot be a quick fix.
The writer’s attitude towards Germany’s cooperation in education with other European Countries is______.
选项
A、appreciative
B、critical
C、reserved
D、ambiguous
答案
C
解析
态度题。根据最后一段可知,作者虽然觉得双轨制教育有优势,但欧洲国家希望通过这一办法快速降低失业率并不现实,作者的态度是有所保留的,故[C]正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Kn7O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Inourtimeitisbroadlytruethatpoliticalwritingisbadwriting.Whereitisnottrue,itwillgenerallybefoundthatthe
______takesphonicmediumoflanguageasitsmainobjectofstudy.
StephenKrashen’sTheoryofSecondLanguageAcquisitionStephenKrashenisanexpertinthefieldoflinguistics.Somepointsab
There’saschooloflinguisticsthatbelieveslanguagelearningbeginswitha"silentperiod".Justasbabieslearntoproducel
Accordingtothenewsitem,whichofthefollowingwillHLNfocusoninpoliticalreports
WhichwriteramongthefollowingisoneoftherepresentativesofBlackHumor?
WhichgroupofwritersisamongthosewhomaybecalledearlypioneersofAmericanliterature?
Theincreaseininternationalbusinessandinforeigninvestmenthascreatedaneedforexecutiveswithknowledgeofforeignl
ThecapitalofAustraliaisCanberra,andthelargestcityisSydney;botharelocatedinthe______ofthecountry.
TheRepublicofIrelandhasthe______originalcountiesofthe32ofIreland.
随机试题
患者男性,67岁,上下颌牙列缺失,行全口义齿修复,义齿戴用两周后复诊,自述义齿容易松动脱落下列口腔情况不利于全口义齿固位的因素是A.牙弓宽大B.牙槽嵴丰满C.腭盖高耸D.黏膜薄,弹性低E.唾液黏稠
患者男,49岁。反复腹痛,进行性黄疸1个月余,CT图像如下,最有可能的诊断是
女性,31岁。诊断为二尖瓣脱垂。心尖部除闻及收缩期杂音外,尚可闻及
患者,女,28岁。妊娠3个月。左下后牙疼痛3天现来就诊。检查见:口腔卫生较差,牙龈边缘红肿明显,上颌6|和下颌6|深龋洞,牙髓活力正常,下颌7|深龋洞,髓腔开放,牙髓无活力,叩痛(++),余未见异常。对该患者的正确处理原则是
合作学习的教学策略意在使学生认识到同伴问互助互利,及小组成员间资源共享,同伴间互相支持和鼓励的重要性。在“用样方法调查草地中某双子叶植物的种群密度”的实验中,教师在组织学生的探究活动中的安排不合理的是()。
按照所要测量的特征大体上可把心理测验分成__________和__________。
进入21世纪后,质疑达尔文进化论的声音此起彼伏。达尔文进化论的核心是自然选择,以及与自然选择相关的生存竞争和渐变,所以达尔文一再宣称“自然界没有飞跃”。达尔文认为生物个体在长时间的演化中,经过自然选择,其微小的变异积累为显著的变异,于是形成新的物种或新的
若有以下程序段:doublex=5.16894;printf("%f\n",(int)(x*1000+0.5)/(double)1000);则程序段的输出结果是()。
WhatarethechallengesfacingmultinationalsthatwanttobuildtheirbrandsinChina?—Ithinkthefirstthingisignorance.T
Sowhathavetheytaughtyouatcollegeaboutinterviews?Somecoursesgototownonit,othersdoverylittle.Youmaygetconf
最新回复
(
0
)