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  3. Elite memory athletes are not so different from their peers in any other sport: They face off in intense competitions where they

Elite memory athletes are not so different from their peers in any other sport: They face off in intense competitions where they

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问题     Elite memory athletes are not so different from their peers in any other sport: They face off in intense competitions where they execute seemingly superhuman feats such as memorizing a string of 500 digits in five minutes. Most memory athletes credit their success to hours of memorization technique practice. One lingering question, though, is whether memory champs succeed by practice alone or are somehow gifted. Recent research suggests there may be hope for the rest of us. A study, published today in Neuron, provides solid evidence that most people can successfully learn and apply the memorization techniques used by memory champions, while galvanizing large-scale brain changes in the process.
    A team led by Martin Dresler at Radboud University in the Netherlands used a combination of behavioral tests and brain scans to compare memory champions with the general population. It found top memory athletes had a different pattern of brain connectivity than controls did, but also that subjects who learned a common memorization technique over a period of weeks, not years, greatly improved their memory skills, and began to exhibit brain connection patterns resembling those of elite memorizers.
    Many of us learn new skills throughout our lives, and scientists have long wondered if and how our brains change as a result. Previous research has linked some skills to specific brain changes. One well-known set of studies showed that London taxi drivers developed more gray matter in their hippocampi (a brain area linked to memory) as they acquired the knowledge needed to navigate London’s haphazard maze of streets. Dresler and colleagues, motivated in part by co-author and professional memory trainer Boris Konrad, decided to focus on elite memory athletes who utilize memorization techniques to compete at highly specific tasks such as memorizing decks of cards or lines of binary digits in minutes. They wanted to know whether these highly skilled practitioners exhibit noticeable brain changes and how those changes occur.
    James McGaugh, a neurobiologist at the University of California, Irvine, who was not involved in the study, considers it to be in a similar vein as the London taxi cab research, but highlights an important difference: Rather than pinpointing a particular brain region, the present study found an overall change in brain connections. "All of our brains are malleable all the time, and this is just another piece of evidence of that," he says. "If you learn something and you learn it well, the brain changes. A super memory follows.
The "galvanizing"(Para. 1) is closest in meaning to________.
选项 A、reflecting
B、preventing
C、triggering
D、shaping
答案C
解析 本题是词汇题。根据题干定位至首段。galvanizing所在句意为“大多数人都能成功地掌握和应用记忆冠军的记忆技术，而在此过程中会________大脑连接模式发生大规模变化”，而文章主要谈论的是“记忆训练可以带来并刺激大脑的变化”，结合备选项可知，triggering意为 “引发”符合语境，故答案选C。galvanizing的本义为“给……通电；刺激”。A项“反应”不能表达出“训练和变化”之间的因果关系，故排除；B项“阻止”与文章表述意思相反，故排除；D项“塑造”侧重于“对……的形成起到决定作用”，不如C项恰当，故排除。
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