首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’ s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 millio
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’ s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 millio
admin
2019-05-09
43
问题
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’ s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 million Americans would have access to flu shots this fall. Then British authorities, concerned about quality-control problems at a production plant in Liverpool, barred all further shipments by the Chiron Corp. Overnight, the U. S. vaccine supply dwindled by nearly half—and federal health officials found themselves making an unusual plea. Instead of beseeching us all to get vaccinated, they’ re now urging most healthy people between the ages of 2 and 64 not to. "This re-emphasizes the fragility of our vaccine supply, " says Dr. Martin Myers of the National Network for Immunization Information, " and the lack of redundancy in our system. "
Why is such a basic health service so easily knocked out? Mainly because private companies have had little incentive to pursue it. To create a single dose of flu vaccine, a manufacturer has to grow live virus in a 2-week-old fertilized chicken egg, then crack the egg, harvest the virus and extract the proteins used to provoke an immune response. Profit margins are narrow, demand is fickle and, because each year’ s flu virus is different, any leftover vaccine goes to waste. As a result, the United States now has only two major suppliers(Chiron and Aventis Pasteur)—and when one of them runs into trouble, there isn’ t much the other can do about it. "A vaccine maker can’t just call up and order 40 million more fertilized eggs, " says Manon Cox, of Connecticut-based Protein Sciences Corp. "There’ s a whole industry that’ s scheduled to produce a certain number of eggs at a certain time. "
Sleeker technologies are now in the works, and experts are hoping that this year’ s fiasco will speed the pace of innovation. The main challenge is to shift production from eggs into cell cultures— a medium already used to make most other vaccines. Flu vaccines are harder than most to produce this way, but several biotech companies are now pursuing this strategy, and one culture-based product (Solvay Pharmaceuticals’ Invivac)has been
cleared
for marketing in Europe.
For America, the immediate challenge is to make the most of a limited supply. The government estimates that 95 million people still qualify for shots under the voluntary restrictions announced last week. That’ s nearly twice the number of doses that clinics will have on hand, but only 60 million Americans seek out shots in a normal year. In fact, many experts are hoping the shortage will serve as an awareness campaign—encouraging the people who really need a flu shot to get one.
According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
选项
A、All Americans are persuaded not to get vaccinated this year.
B、The big problem in innovating flu vaccine’ s producing technique is how to grow virus in a new way.
C、More flu vaccines cannot be produced in a short time because private companies refuse to produce more.
D、Flu vaccines are easier than most vaccines to produce through cell cultures.
答案
B
解析
细节题。从第一段倒数第二句“Instead of beseeching us all to get vaccinated,they’re now urging most healthy people between the ages of 2 and 64 not to.”可以判断出美国只呼吁2-64岁的健康人不接种流感疫苗,而不是所有的美国人,因此答案A是错误的。从第二段最后一句可以看出疫苗生产厂家无法临时增加疫苗生产量不是由于他们不愿意,而是由于受精鸡蛋的生产已经预先计划好,无法提供更多的受精鸡蛋,由此可见C项是错误的。从第三段第三句“Flu vaccines are harder than most to produce this way”可以判断出D项是错误的,因为流感疫苗比别的疫苗更难用细菌培育的方式生产。而由第三段第二句“The main challenge is to shift production from eggs into cell cultures—a medium already used to make most other vaccines.”以及上一句可见,改造疫苗生产工艺的关键在于革新病毒培育技术,因此B项是正确的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/M2Cd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Inthe18thcentury,NewYorkwassmallerthanPhiladelphiaandBoston.TodayitisthelargestcityinAmerica.Howtoexplain
Leadersof16nationspaidapoignanttributetosurvivingveteransandthosewhodiedduringtheD-Daylandings60yearsagoth
61)Theearliertypeofsuburb,whichwasmostdependentontherailroad,hadaspecialadvantagethatcouldbefullyappreciate
61)Theearliertypeofsuburb,whichwasmostdependentontherailroad,hadaspecialadvantagethatcouldbefullyappreciate
Industrial【21】______doesnotjusthappen.Companies【22】______lowaccidentratesplantheirsafetyprograms,workhard
KarenRusawasa30-year-oldwomanandthemotheroffourchildren.ForthepastseveralmonthsKarenhadbeenexperiencingrepe
Inthe1920sdemandforAmericanfarmproductsfell,asEuropeancountriesbegantorecoverfromWorldWarIandinstitutedaust
Inthe1920sdemandforAmericanfarmproductsfell,asEuropeancountriesbegantorecoverfromWorldWarIandinstitutedaust
Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegood
Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegood
随机试题
Peoplesaythatmoneycannotbuyhappiness.ThiswastrueforHowardHughes.Hewasoneoftherichestandmostpowerfulmenof
中国宋代哲学家朱熹提出“理在事先”,把“天理”说成是世界万物的本原。这是一种【】
酶原激活时,致使酶分子构象发生改变的原因是
妊娠39周患重度子痫前期的初孕妇,恰当处理应是
依据相关和相近行业的发展轨迹,推测行业盼发展需求趋势的现场预测方法是()。
某地扩建一民用机场,工程项目包括航站楼工程、场道工程、助航灯光工程、空管工程和航站楼弱电工程,工程总概算的费用情况分别为:航站楼工程费用6000万元;场道工程费用3000万元;助航灯光建筑工程费用1000万元;空管建筑工程费用600万元;航站楼弱电工程设备
某债券溢价发行,则票面利率和到期收益率的关系是()。
银行业从业人员应当积极协助任何一个国家机关及其工作人员对相关客户存款的查询、冻结、扣划活动。
电阻串联时,电阻越大,分压越大。()
婴幼儿长骨骼的必需条件是()。
最新回复
(
0
)