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  3. Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sp

Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sp

admin2014-04-23  3
问题     Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure boats dance into view.
    The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants, another level appears.
    The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied, a second level of wants appears, clothing and some sort of shelter. By the end of World War II these wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.
    By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared: the "life-enriching" level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human body. This level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called "luxury" items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and entertainment. Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.
    On the fourth level, a greater percentage of consumers spending goes to services, while on the first three levels, more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?
    A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling stomachs, our clothes, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.
What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?
选项 A、The more goods the better.
B、The more mental satisfaction the better.
C、The more "luxury" items the better.
D、The more earnings the better.
答案B
解析 本题是一道具体细节题。问在第四个层次的需要里，人们主要关注什么。利用查阅式阅读法，我们可以在文章的第四段和第五段中找到相关信息。这两段指出，后来，在20世纪50年代末出现了第四个层次的需求，即所谓“丰富生活”的需求层次。如果说，其他层次的需求涉及的是物质上的满足，即：吃饭、舒适、安全和乘车，那么，这一层次则强调的是承认、成就和幸福等方面的精神需求，它包括各种各样的物品和各方面的服务，其中许多都可以称之为“奢侈”项目，如：假期旅行、最好的医疗和牙齿保健以及娱乐活动。另外也包括美食和入时的服装。在第四个层次上，消费者把大量的花费用在各种服务方面，而在前三个层次，更多的花费则用于物品。因此，本题的正确答案应是B“人们更关注精神上的满足，即精神上越满足越好”。
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