2. 考研
  3. Is a nation’s destiny set by its fertility rates? Japan has the world’s oldest【C1】________but Japanese longevity can’t【C2】______

Is a nation’s destiny set by its fertility rates? Japan has the world’s oldest【C1】________but Japanese longevity can’t【C2】______

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问题     Is a nation’s destiny set by its fertility rates? Japan has the world’s oldest【C1】________but Japanese longevity can’t【C2】________for its extremely-low fertility rate—just 1.4 children per woman. One in four don’t have children. Some European countries also have low fertility rates, but top up【C3】________mi-grants. Japan does not.
    The conventional view is that this is bad news: shrinking numbers【C4】________economic growth and the aging population is a major【C5】________burden.
    But there is another【C6】________The proportion of Japan’s population has almost twice as many over-65s as children.【C7】________Japan spends less on education. And because the Japanese are the world’s healthiest, care【C8】________are also lower than in other nations.
    Japan’s economy has been growing slowly for two decades now. But【C9】________the falling population, individual income has been【C10】________strongly-outperforming most US citizens’.
    With 127 million people, Japan is【C11】________empty. But fewer people in future will mean it has more living space, more agricultural land per head, and a higher quality of life. Its【C12】________on the planet for food and other【C13】________will also lessen.
    Japan isn’t alone in population【C14】________: Russia, Romania and Hungary all【C15】________the trend. For many more, it is being【C16】________by immigration. But the global population is increasing slowly. The world recently reached "peak child" —the point【C17】________the number of children aged 0 to 14 around the globe【C18】________off. Global fertility rates have halved in 40 years—they are now below 2.5 children per woman—and global population may peak soon. Some believe that peak population is a【C19】________first step to reducing our【C20】________on the planet’s life-support systems. In that case, following Japan’s example may be just the ticket.  
【C4】
选项 A、provide
B、hamper
C、further
D、ensure
答案B
解析 shrinking numbers指代上文中提到的日本出生率低导致的人口数量减少，既然这被认为是坏消息，那么shrinking numbers对economic growth起到的应该是消极作用，B项ham-per作及物动词，意为“妨碍，束缚”，符合上下文语义。
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