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  3. It was once thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and heavy automobil

It was once thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and heavy automobil

admin2017-08-23  86
问题     It was once thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and heavy automobile traffic. Today, we know that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is literally worldwide. On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the entire eastern half of the United States and led to health warnings even in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be affected by air pollution.
Some scientists feel that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) is creating a "greenhouse effect"—holding in heat reflected from the earth and raising the world’s average temperature. If this view is correct and the world’s temperature is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York, Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be under water.
    Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particulate matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earth’s temperature—a result that would be equally disastrous. A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to new ice age and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top farming areas.
    At present we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen, though one recent government report prepared by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very likely. Perhaps, if we are very lucky, the two tendencies will offset each other and the world’s temperature will stay about the same as it is now.  
According to the passage, people today think that air pollution________.
选项 A、exists merely in urban and industrial areas
B、may have an effect on the entire earth
C、causes widespread damage in the countryside
D、is not so serious as it used to be
答案B
解析 由题干中“people today think that air pollution”可以定位到文中第一段第二句话。该句提到如今我们知道即使这些地区的空气污染最严重，但是准确来讲这个问题是全球性的。由此可知，今天的人们认为空气污染有全球性的影响。
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