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  3. As time goes on, how to do good critical thinking is increasingly marginalized or even left out of the modern educational proces

As time goes on, how to do good critical thinking is increasingly marginalized or even left out of the modern educational proces

admin2022-05-19  41
问题     As time goes on, how to do good critical thinking is increasingly marginalized or even left out of the modern educational process. Critical thinking involves a mental process that is highly disciplined and therefore requires most practitioners to be trained in it. This training is best begun in the formative years, and it is best taught by energetic, motivated teachers who continually challenge, and debate, and demand increasingly rigorous thinking of their young students. However, as in all things, it is never too late to begin.
    Critical thinking is the process of evaluating and analyzing a proposition or an argument that has been offered to the thinker, for criticism, as being true. There follows a process of reasoning, evaluation of the offered evidence, and reflection, always begun from a point of skepticism. A proper critique of the offered argument involves more than direct observation. Besides reasoning, cognition and experience, proper critical thinking also involves intellectual values that go beyond the specific argument or object being critically examined.
    These intellectual values involve objective truth. Objective truth is that truth which comes from somewhere outside of our minds. Subjective truth is that truth which comes from within us; that which we feel, or sense, or believe to be true. Objective truth stands alone, and does not depend upon us to remain true; it’s completely independent of the mind of man. No matter what we think about it, how we think about it, or even if we think about it, objective truth remains objective truth, unchanged, and impervious.  Objective truth must always be taken into consideration in order to do good critical thinking.
    There are different forms of objective truth, ranging from solid to ephemeral. In the" hard science" fields, such as mathematics, physics and chemistry, the most recognized objective truths involve proven mathematical formulae, or recognized scientific laws, or widely recognized and as yet unrefuted scientific theories. These "hard" objective truths are taken by the critical thinker to be axioms or givens, and thus, useful tools to help in the critical thinking process. The process thereby builds upon a foundation of previously proven truth.   No matter how technically advanced we ever become, we are all, individually and collectively, called to think about things.  It is our human nature.
What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
选项 A、Technology has little to do with critical thinking.
B、Critical thinking is a process of trial and error.
C、Scientific theories are developed from scientific laws.
D、Scientific truth is a foundation for critical thinking.
答案D
解析 A项“技术对批判性思维不起一点作用”与最后一段的第三句“These ‘hard’ objective truths are…and thus, useful tools to help in the critical thinking process．”不符，故A项错误。B项“批判性思维是反复试验的过程”和C项“科学真理是批判性思维的基础”在最后一段中都没有提到，故B项和C项错误，故选D。
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