首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start. (46)Actu
Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start. (46)Actu
admin
2009-04-27
91
问题
Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start. (46)
Actually, it isn’t, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.
On one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily follows what animals have done. (47)
Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.
Therefore, animals cannot have rights. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd, for exactly the same reason, so is the idea that tigers have rights. However, this is only one account, and by no means an uncontested one. It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people—for instance, to infants, the mentally incapable and future generations. In addition, it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it. How do you reply to somebody who says "I don’t like this contract"?
The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless. (48)
It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.
This is a false choice. Better to start with another, more fundamental question: is this the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?
Many deny it. (49)
Arguing from the point of view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.
Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake—a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.
This view, which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely "logical". In fact it is simply shallow: the confused center is right to reject it. The most elementary form of moral reasoning—the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl, is to weigh others’ interests against one’s own. This in turn requires sympathy and imagination: without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy. (50)
When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
选项
答案
极端主义者依据人在各有关方面有别于动物为理由而争辩说:应将动物排除于道德考虑之外。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/OCa4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Howbesttosolvethepollutionproblemsofacitysunksodeepwithinsulfurouscloudsthatitwasdescribedashellonearth?
OnherfirstmorninginAmerica,lastsummer,mydaughterwentouttoexplorehernewneighborhood—alone,withouteventellingm
Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingpiechart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomm
ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedpa
ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedpa
ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedpa
Ararepieceofgoodnewsfromtheworldofconservation:theglobalextinctioncrisismayhavebeenoverstated.Theworldisun
Withagrowingconsumerinterestinplant-basedhealthyeating,vegetarianoptionspresentachancefornewbusinessandcompeti
Thedeclineofcivilityandgoodmannersmaybeworryingpeoplemorethancrime,accordingtoGentilityRecalled,editedbyDigb
WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph1?Accordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheU.S.asaresult
随机试题
掌跖角化一牙周破坏综合征的临床表现不包括
消渴病口渴特点是( )。
会计机构中保管会计档案的人员,不得由()兼任。
国际货运代理人充当运输经营人时有权收运费。()
甲公司2018年7月1日购入乙公司2018年1月1日发行的债券,支付价款为1050万元(含已到付息期但尚未领取的债券利息20万元),另支付交易费用7万元。该债券面值为1000万元。票面年利率为4%(票面利率等于实际利率),每半年付息一次,甲公司将其划分
()是银行根据本行业务性质、规模和产品复杂程度以及风险管理水平,基于内部损失数据、外部损失数据、情景分析、业务经营环境和内部控制因素,建立操作风险计量模型以计算本行操作风险监管资本的方法。
目前,我国政府层级职能在宪法或法律上有明确规定。()
有一种假说认为,存在着语言学习的最佳年龄或时期,过了这段时期,语言学习成功的可能性就大大减低了。这种假说称为临界期假说。()
在Internet域名系统的资源记录中,表示主机地址的对象类型为()。
______byRalphWaldoEmersoniscalled"America’sDeclarationofIntellectualIndependence."
最新回复
(
0
)