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  3. Social scientists believe that names influence personality, how we ’ re perceived, and even our physical appearances. In turn, o

Social scientists believe that names influence personality, how we ’ re perceived, and even our physical appearances. In turn, o

admin2022-05-23  30
问题     Social scientists believe that names influence personality, how we ’ re perceived, and even our physical appearances. In turn, our appearances impact how other people perceive us, which again affects how we feel and see ourselves. Psychologists believe there’s a relationship between internals and externals that shapes us.
    The researchers from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem decided to test whether stereotypes (刻板印象) and labels have an effect on physical appearance. That is to say, they wanted to find out whether the name a person is given at birth influences later physical features.
    The study hypothesized that this early label marks all those who bear the same name similarly, so much that other people can match the name to the face based on expectation of how someone with a certain name is likely to look. In other words, name stereotypes show physically in facial appearances. The research team found that both people and computers could pick the right name for a given face with more accuracy than would result from chance. That means common ideas of how a person with a certain name would look were correct—there was a "right" name for a type of face.
    Face-name matching likely works on many levels, the study suggests. Because we have shared ideas of what names mean, people with those names may "grow into" them by adopting expected behavior, facial expressions, and looks, and others will also have certain expectations. Say your name is Rose. Social expectations may direct you to act womanly, smile gently, wear dresses, and grow your hair. This is perhaps unconsciously expected more of a woman named for a flower than one who goes by Alex, a name that in the US is common for males and females. Alex may feel freer to bend gender stereotypes than Rose.
Part of the job of a psychologist might be to study________.
选项 A、how to improve people’s behavior
B、how to change people’s appearances
C、the relationship between mind and behavior
D、the relationship between cognition and looks
答案D
解析 根据第一段最后一句“Psychologists believe there’s a relationship between internals and externals that shapes us. ”可知，心理学家认为是内部特征和外貌的关系塑造了我们。internals (内部特征)与cognition(认知)表达意思相近，externals(外貌)与looks(外表，容貌)同义。由此可推知，心理学家的部分工作可能是研究认知与容貌的关系。故选D。
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