2. 外语
  3. •Read the article below about decision making psychology. •Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the

•Read the article below about decision making psychology. •Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the

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问题 •Read the article below about decision making psychology.
•Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.
•For each gap 8-12, mark one letter (A-G).
•Do not use any letter more than once.
•There is one extra letter which you do not need to use.
   
Decision Making Psychology Made Simple
   Decisions decisions! Understanding decision making psychology can enable you to reach a conclusion quicker. Whether it’s choosing a holiday destination, or project to fund. you’ll find this outline of decision making psychology a useful addition to your management toolkit.
   Making up your own mind should (in theory at least) be the easiest  after all, there’s only one person involved!
   So we’ll skip onto the more challenging area of group decision making. Somehow. out of the personality clashes,power struggles and hidden agendas, a perfect solution is expected to emerge......
   In group decision making, there are a number of methods that can be applied,  (8)  The methods that are closer to the directive range, mean that the decision is made by a limited, small number of decision makers in the group. The methods that are lower on the spectrum.towards the participatory range, mean that the decision is made by all the parties involved.
   Individual Dominance is where one person in the group has the authority or power to make the final decision. Minority Minority usually takes the form of decisions delegated from larger groups and made by sub-committees. Majority Rules usually involve the group voting on the alternatives and the alternative receiving the most votes, wins. Consensus is achieved through group discussion of the alternatives, where every group member can agree on an option and commit to the outcome.
   Directive decision making is great when time is tight and decisions need made fast, The risk is that decisions made by one person are owned by one person. People affected by the decision can soon make their feelings known by their actions.  (9)  If there is a low or negative bank account between people involved, there may be trouble ahead!
     (10)  In simple terms, people want to be involved.Regardless of power or status, knowing you have control and influence over your working life increases satisfaction and productivity.
   It is well known in the caring professions that offering choice helps speed recovery. The bed-bound patient who is asked whether they want their curtains open or closed, or has a plant to care for. fares better than those whose life is entirely managed by other people,Involving more people in decision making is risky.  It takes more time. It requires skilled facilitation. It doesn’t guarantee success.   (11)   
   Decision making psychology is simple-involvement gets results. Although power struggles, personality clashes and hidden agendas are scary territory, over time,power dissipates, people get on and agendas become more transparent.  (12)  The decision to work this way is yours!
   A．To increase your chance of a decision being accepted, a more participatory approach is recommended.
   B．But what it does do, is increase the likelihood of decisions being owned and acted upon by enough people for a positive change to be effected.
   C．These methods map out along a spectrum,from ’directive’ to ’participatory’ decision making.
   D．Invest some time in learning group decision making techniques and getting facilitation experience and you will get results.
   E．If there is a high emotional bank account between people involved, the decision may be accepted although not liked.
   F．Corporate executives have come to learn that to be effective, doing good must be grounded in a firm’s long-term strategy.
   G．So we’ll skip onto the more challenging area of group decision making.  
选项
答案C
解析 做题时首先要清楚，选项C中的指代性信息“these methods”一定需要在其前或后有线索来说明指代的具体内容。从第8个空格所在的上下文看，其前一句“…there are a number of methods that can be applied．”提到了核心词“methods”，而其后两句分别再次出现了该核心词，而且还有三个在题干C出现的词“directive”、“participatory”和“spectrum”(“The methods that are closer to directive range…”…“the methods that are lower。on the spectrum，towards the participatory range…”)，因此可以判断C是本题的答案。
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