首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
It was (and is) common to think that other animals are ruled by "instinct" whereas humans lost their instincts and ruled by "rea
It was (and is) common to think that other animals are ruled by "instinct" whereas humans lost their instincts and ruled by "rea
admin
2006-06-06
82
问题
It was (and is) common to think that other animals are ruled by "instinct" whereas humans lost their instincts and ruled by "reason," and that this is why we are so much more flexibly intelligent than other animals. William James, in his book Principles of Psychology, took the opposite view. He argued that human behavior is more flexibly intelligent than that of other animals because we have more instincts than they do, not fewer. We tend to be Mind to the existence of these instincts, however, precisely because they work so well--because they process information so effortlessly and automatically. They structure our thought so powerfully, he argued, that it can be difficult to imagine how things could be otherwise. As a result, we take "normal" behavior for granted. We do not realize that "normal" behavior needs to be explained at all. This "instinct blindness" makes the study of psychology difficult. To get past this problem, James suggested that we try to make the "natural seem strange." It takes a mind debauched by learning to carry the process of making the natural seem strange, so far as to ask for the why of any instinctive human act.
In our view, William James was right about evolutionary psychology. Making the natural seem strange is unnatural - it requires the twisted outlook seen, for example, in Gary Larson cartoons Yet it is a central part of the enterprise. Many psychologists avoid the study of natural competences, thinking that there is nothing there to be explained. As a result, social psychologists are disappointed unless they find a phenomenon "that would surprise their grandmothers," and cognitive psychologists spend more time studying how we solve problems we are bad at, like learning math or playing chess, than ones we are good at. But our natural competences - our abilities to see, to speak, to find someone beautiful, to reciprocate a favor, to fear disease, to fall in love, to initiate an attack, to experience moral outrage, to navigate a landscape, and myriad others - are possible only because there is a vast and heterogeneous array of complex computational machinery supporting and regulating these activities. This machinery works so well that we don’t even realize that it exists - we all suffer from instinct’ blindness. As a result, psychologists have neglected to study some of the most interesting machinery in the human mind.
According to the author, which of the following is most likely studied nowadays by psychologists?
选项
A、Why do we smile when pleased?
B、Why do we love our children?
C、How do we appreciate beautiful things?
D、How do we reason and process information?
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/PPIO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Readthearticlebelowaboutcrisismanagement.ChoosethebestwordtofilleachgapfromA,B,CorDontheoppositepage.
Readthearticlebelowaboutfinancialmanagement.Choosethebestsentencefromtheoppositepagetofilleachofthegaps.
Howmanyaretherequalitycontrolinspectionpoints?Whatisthefirststageofqualitycontrol?
TheinterviewisconductedtodiscussthesignificanceofsalesfiguresinrecessionandAccordingtoMr.Hall,whatisopportu
ThepurposeofaresumeisAccordingtoMrSchuman,howmanyskillareasarethereintheworldofwork?
Customhasnotbeencommonlyregardedasasubjectofanygreatmoment.TheinnerworkingsofourownBrainswefeeltobeuniqu
Hebelievesthatreligionhasthecapacitytofunctionasthe"cement"holdingallofasociety’sinstitutionstogetherina___
"I’mnotgoingtobuythatbook.""______.It’stooexpensive."
Mostofusfindtheforgettingeasier,butmaybeweshouldworkontheforgivingpart."Holdingontohurtsandnursinggrudges
随机试题
驾驶摩托车驶出环岛前,应开启________。
非同一控制下企业合并产生长期股权投资进行初始计量时,如果购买成本的公允价值小于合并中取得的被购买方可辨认净资产公允价值的份额,差额可以作为()处理。
有血管病变的孕妇,易发生的妊娠并发症是()
观察舟状骨,应该摄
某企业为增值税一般纳税人,适用的增值税税率为13%。原材料按实际成本法进行核算,发出材料采用先进先出法计价。该企业仅生产一种产品——A产品。原材料随生产过程陆续投入使用,制造费用单独核算。月末生产费用在完工产品和在产品之间按约当产量比例法进行分配。该企业6
连续28年浙江农民人均收入居于全国省区首位。一条基本经验就是让更多农民走出土地,让更多农民充分就业,让工资性收入、创业性收入、财产性收入成为农民多元收入结构中的主体支撑。这表明()。①劳动就业是民生之本②多元化的收入结构是农民增收的前提③完善分配
阅读下面的文言文,完成后面各题。人非上智,其孰无过。过而能知,可以为明;知而能改,可以跂圣①。小过不改,大恶形焉;小善能迁,大善成焉。夫人之过无他,惰慢也,嫉妒也,邪僻也。惰慢则骄,孝敬衰焉;嫉妒则刻,灾害兴焉;邪僻则佚,节义颓焉。是数
货币的两个最基本职能是()。
HowtoapproachReadingTestPartTwo•InthispartoftheReadingTestyoureadatextwithgapsinit,andchoosethebestse
Thegovernment__________(已采取一系列措施)topreventtheriverkurufloodinginsummer.
最新回复
(
0
)