China will launch two new pilot carbon trading schemes this week in Beijing and Shanghai as it strives to cut soaring rates of g

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问题 China will launch two new pilot carbon trading schemes this week in Beijing and Shanghai as it strives to cut soaring rates of greenhouse gas, reduce choking smog and determine the best system for a nationwide roll-out.
China has pledged to cut the 2005 rate of CO2 emissions per unit of GDP growth by 40 -45 percent by 2020. As UN-led climate talks stumbled in Warsaw last week, the country’s chief negotiator Xie Zhenhua was keen to push the country’s CO2 cutting credentials, challenging developed nations to match the efforts being made by China to tackle global warming.
The new platforms, which will force industrial firms to buy credits to cover any CO2 they emit above allocated quotas, also underscore Beijing’s commitment to " market mechanisms" to slow emissions growth, in line with an ambitious raft of reforms outlined earlier this month.
Trading is likely to start slowly as the government treads cautiously and tries to learn lessons from Europe, where an excess of credits has left carbon prices in the doldrums.(170 words)

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答案 本周,中国将在北京、上海两城市启动两项新的试点碳交易计划。中国正致力于降低急剧增长的温室气体排放率,减少令人窒息的烟雾,并确定全国试点项目的最佳机制。 中国承诺,到2020年,单位GDP的二氧化碳排放率与2005年相比下降40%~45%。上周,由联合国主导的华沙气候谈判进展不顺,中国首席谈判代表谢振华积极推进中国的二氧化碳减排认证认可制度,呼吁发达国家与中国一道努力,应对全球变暖问题。 新平台要求,工业企业要为超出配额的二氧化碳排放量购买信用,突显了中国通过“市场机制”减缓排放量增长的决心,与本月早些时候提出的一系列大刀阔斧的改革纲要相符。 欧洲由于碳信用泛滥而造成碳价低迷,中国自然要吸取欧洲的教训,谨慎地推动改革,因此交易机制的启动可能较为缓慢。

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