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  3. Elite memory athletes are not so different from their peers in any other sport: They face off in intense competitions where they

Elite memory athletes are not so different from their peers in any other sport: They face off in intense competitions where they

admin2022-04-20  18
问题     Elite memory athletes are not so different from their peers in any other sport: They face off in intense competitions where they execute seemingly superhuman feats such as memorizing a string of 500 digits in five minutes. Most memory athletes credit their success to hours of memorization technique practice. One lingering question, though, is whether memory champs succeed by practice alone or are somehow gifted. Recent research suggests there may be hope for the rest of us. A study, published today in Neuron, provides solid evidence that most people can successfully learn and apply the memorization techniques used by memory champions, while galvanizing large-scale brain changes in the process.
    A team led by Martin Dresler at Radboud University in the Netherlands used a combination of behavioral tests and brain scans to compare memory champions with the general population. It found top memory athletes had a different pattern of brain connectivity than controls did, but also that subjects who learned a common memorization technique over a period of weeks, not years, greatly improved their memory skills, and began to exhibit brain connection patterns resembling those of elite memorizers.
    Many of us learn new skills throughout our lives, and scientists have long wondered if and how our brains change as a result. Previous research has linked some skills to specific brain changes. One well-known set of studies showed that London taxi drivers developed more gray matter in their hippocampi (a brain area linked to memory) as they acquired the knowledge needed to navigate London’s haphazard maze of streets. Dresler and colleagues, motivated in part by co-author and professional memory trainer Boris Konrad, decided to focus on elite memory athletes who utilize memorization techniques to compete at highly specific tasks such as memorizing decks of cards or lines of binary digits in minutes. They wanted to know whether these highly skilled practitioners exhibit noticeable brain changes and how those changes occur.
    James McGaugh, a neurobiologist at the University of California, Irvine, who was not involved in the study, considers it to be in a similar vein as the London taxi cab research, but highlights an important difference: Rather than pinpointing a particular brain region, the present study found an overall change in brain connections. "All of our brains are malleable all the time, and this is just another piece of evidence of that," he says. "If you learn something and you learn it well, the brain changes. A super memory follows.
The comparison made by the team is mentioned to make the point that________.
选项 A、memory is a product of neural repairs
B、subjects are susceptible to emotional changes
C、brain connection patterns can be modified
D、elites often exhibit a larger capacity of memory
答案C
解析 本题是细节题。根据题干中的关键词comparison定位至第二段。该段提到了马丁.德拉斯莱所领导的研究团队做了比较，得出结论是：顶尖记忆运动员的大脑连接模式与普通人不同，普通受试者接受记忆技巧训练一段时间后可提高记忆技能，并开始表现出与记忆精英相似的大脑连接模式。说明，连接模式可以改变或修正。故答案选C。A项“记忆是一种神经修复的产物”，B项“被测试者容易受到情感变化的影响”和D项“精英们常常表现出更大的记忆力”在文中均未提及，故排除。
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