首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
It’s almost an article of faith: your best ally in the fight against cancer is a doggedly optimistic outlook. And it would seem
It’s almost an article of faith: your best ally in the fight against cancer is a doggedly optimistic outlook. And it would seem
admin
2018-08-25
80
问题
It’s almost an article of faith: your best ally in the fight against cancer is a doggedly optimistic outlook. And it would seem that mounting evidence of the links between emotional and physical well-being would support that view. The only problem is that there is no good evidence to support that belief when it comes to cancer. Moreover, the "tyranny" of positive thinking often becomes just one more burden for the sick.
It was research in the 1970s and ’80s that first popularized the idea that attitude might affect cancer outcomes. Such research led doctors to encourage patients to think happy thoughts and visualize their immune system blasting away cancer cells. But most of those studies have been dismissed as either flawed or inconclusive. A review of 37 studies that was published in the British Medical Journal in 2002 found that although a positive outlook does correlate with the perception of less pain by patients—a real benefit-there is " little consistent evidence that coping styles play an important part in survival from or recurrence of cancer. "
Still, the optimism theory remains attractive. One reason is that Americans live in a culture that desires control. We want to believe that we can beat cancer by imposing our will on the disease. A better reason is that mental states like depression and chronic anxiety have been shown to have physical consequences that affect the progression of such illnesses as heart disease and diabetes. While a similar connection is biologically plausible for cancer, it is far from proven.
Even researchers who believe that studies will ultimately establish links between stress and the progression of cancer, like Stanford’s Dr. David Spiegel, know
the picture is complex
. "It isn’t a matter of ’ Fix it in your mind, and you fix it in your body, ’ " he says, " but it would be strange if what goes on in our minds didn’t affect how our bodies deal with illness. "
So where does that leave cancer patients? Doctors know that individuals will always bring then-own disposition—sunny, sour or sarcastic—to bear on their illness and treatment. Pressuring them to be models of positive thinking is useless. Worse, it could cause them to hide their fears and reject support. But clinicians must remain alert for signs of depression, which can affect the outcome of any disease if it interferes with treatment. And many patients will also need—and welcome— help to improve poor coping skills. Spiegel says, "Having worked with people with life-threatening illnesses for 30 years, it’s clear that there are better and worse ways to deal with these things. " False optimism isn’t helpful, but neither is despair.
The author thinks that the optimism theory is derived from
选项
A、Americans’ cultural pride in overcoming everything.
B、the biological plausibility of willful control of cancer.
C、the assumed connection of mood with some illnesses.
D、the scientific researches in the 1970s and ’80s.
答案
A
解析
句意:作者认为乐观主义理论源于什么?根据第三段第1-3句“Still,the optimism theory remains attractive.One reason is that Americans live in a culture that desires control.We want to believe that we can beat cancer by imposing our will on the disease.”可知,乐观主义理论保持吸引力的原因之一,是美国人生活在一种渴望控制的文化当中。我们想要相信自己能够通过将意志施加于疾病而打败癌症,故选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/QaRd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Thetangohasprobablytraveledfurtherandgonethroughmorechangesthanalmost【21】______.Africanslavesbroughtthetan
Thetangohasprobablytraveledfurtherandgonethroughmorechangesthanalmost【21】______.Africanslavesbroughtthetan
AlthoughCoca-ColaCo.spentnearly$2billionlastyearadvertisingitsvariousbrandsaroundtheglobe,itsawitsshareoft
Changesinregionalclimatebroughtaboutbylarge-scaledeforestationintheeasternlowlandsofCentralAmericaareaffecting
EversinceALGoreinventedit,theInternethasbeenaparadiseforthosewithacreativeattitudetofacts.Students,forexam
Alandfreefromdestruction,pluswealth,naturalresources,andlaborsupplyallthesewereimportant【21】______inhelpin
Anewcomputersystemhasbeendesignedtostopshipssinking.Thegreatestdanger【21】______aholedvesselisthatflooding
Everyone【21】______ofthePresidentoftheUS【22】______themostpowerfulmanin【23】______Butwhentherepresentatives
Thefactisthattheenergycrisis,whichhassuddenlybeenofficiallyannounced,hasbeenwithusforalongtimenow,andwill
Thefactisthattheenergycrisis,whichhassuddenlybeenofficiallyannounced,hasbeenwithusforalongtimenow,andwill
随机试题
耳前鬓发后缘直上,平角孙处乳突前下方,平耳垂后下缘的凹陷中
白果不具有的功效是
根据我国《建筑法》规定,下列关于总分包责任承担的叙述有误的是( )。
在以现金、非现金资产和修改债务条件混合重组方式清偿债务的情况下,以下会计处理先后顺序正确的是( )。
对于10BASE—T网络,以下说法正确的有()。
下列犯罪中,应按数罪并罚原则处理的有()(2011年法学基础课多选第25题)
存在且不为零的充要条件是常数p=______,此时该极限值为______.
设f(x)连续,且=e3,且f’(0)存在,求f’(0).
在Open语句中可以用Output和Append两种方式打开顺序文件,其主要区别是
Oneofthegoodthingsformeninwomen’sliberationisthatmennolongerhavetopaywomentheold-fashionedcourtesies.
最新回复
(
0
)