首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
For the first time in decades, doctors have begun making major changes in the treatment of lung cancer, based on research provin
For the first time in decades, doctors have begun making major changes in the treatment of lung cancer, based on research provin
admin
2011-10-20
46
问题
For the first time in decades, doctors have begun making major changes in the treatment of lung cancer, based on research proving that chemotherapy can significantly lengthen life for many patients for whom it was previously thought to be useless.
The shift in care applies to about 50,000 people a year in the United States who have early cases of the most common form of the disease, non-small-cell lung cancer, and whose tumors are removed by surgery. (46)
Many of these patients, who just a few years ago would have been treated with surgery alone, are now being given chemotherapy as well, just as it is routinely given after surgery for breast or colon(结肠) cancer.
The new approach has brightened a picture that was often bleak.
"The benefit is at least as good, and maybe better than in the other cancers", said Dr. John Minna, a lung cancer expert and research director at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas. He said new discoveries were helping to eliminate doctors’ "nihilistic" attitudes about chemotherapy for lung cancer.
"The standard of care has changed", said Dr. Christopher G. Azzoli, a lung cancer specialist at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York.
(47)
A major impetus for the change came a year ago, when two studies presented at a cancer conference showed marked increases in survival in patients who received adjuvant(辅助的) chemotherapy, meaning the drugs were given after surgery.
In one study of 482 patients in Canada and the United States, led by Dr. Timothy Winton, a surgeon from the University of Alberta, 69 percent of patients who had surgery and chemotherapy were still alive five years later, as compared with 54 percent who had just surgery. The patients were given a combination of two drugs, cisplatin and vinorelbine, once a week for 16 weeks.
In the world of lung cancer research, a survival difference of 15 percentage points is enormous. (48)
Overall, the patients given chemotherapy lived 94 months, versus 73 months in those who had only surgery—also a huge difference in a field in which a treatment is hailed as a success if it gives patients even three or four extra months.
A second study, also announced at the conference last year, had similar findings, and so did a third, presented just a month ago at the annual meeting of the same cancer group, the American Society of Clinical Oncology,
At major medical centers, doctors quickly began to put the results into practice.
(49)
"The findings were so stunning from these studies a year ago that they began to change the standard of care", said Dr. Pasi Janne, a lung cancer specialist at the-Dana Farber Cancer Institute in Boston.
"Over the last year, the number of patients we’ve had referred here for adjuvant chemotherapy has gone up steadily".
(50)
But some doctors hesitated to make changes, Dr. Winton said, wanting first to see the studies published in a medical journal, which would mean the data had stood up to the scrutiny(仔细的检查) of editors and expert reviewers.
Now, his study has become the first of the three to pass that test. It is being published today in The New England Journal of Medicine, along with an editorial by Dr. Katherine M.S. Pisters, a lung cancer specialist at the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston.
选项
答案
一年以前,在一个癌症研讨会上公布的两份研究报告表明;接受辅助化疗一一手术后的药物治疗—的病人的生存率有明显的提高,这对肺癌治疗方式的改变起到了主要推动作用。
解析
这是一个复合句,when引导定语从句修饰year,在这个定语从句中,过去分词短语presented at a cancer conference作定语修饰studies,有一个定语从句修饰patients,最后的现在分词短语用来解释adjuvant chemotherapy。impetus意为"推动,促进"。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RCp4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Inatimeofsocialreform,people’sstateofmindtendstokeep______withtherapidchangesofsociety.
Cancerissecondonly______heartdiseaseasacauseofdeath.
Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutfivepossiblescientificbreakthroughsinthe21stcentury.Choosethe
Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutfivepossiblescientificbreakthroughsinthe21stcentury.Choosethe
ConfuciusiscitedbytheauthorinthefirstparagraphtoimplythatWhichofthefollowingmayreflecttheauthor’sopinion?
Studythefollowingtablecarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould1)describethechangesasisshowninthetable,
Theideaofhumanoidrobotsisnotnew,ofcourse.TheyhavebeenpartoftheimaginativelandscapeeversinceKarlCapek,aCze
Therangeandqualityof【C11】______emotionsarepotentiallythesameforallhumangroups.Inthecourseof【C12】______inaparti
Therangeandqualityof【C11】______emotionsarepotentiallythesameforallhumangroups.Inthecourseof【C12】______inaparti
ItisincongruousthatthenumberofBritishinstitutionsofferingMBAcoursesshouldhavegrownby254percentduringaperiod
随机试题
病毒性心肌炎的临床表现是
某送变电工程的单项合同总价为()万元,该工程为大型项目。
根据《合同法》的规定,债权人转让权利应当通知债务人。其债权人转让权利的通知()。
王某向李某借款150万元,以自己所有的房屋作为抵押,二人签订了书面的抵押合同,但未办理抵押登记。后王某受张某欺诈,将房屋低价卖给张某,并办理了过户登记,张某很快将房屋以市价卖给不知情的陈某,在陈某付款当天办理了过户登记。王某后来醒悟,向法院申请撤销与张某之
Whichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtomaterialculture?Themainideaofthefirstparagraphis
In1924America’sNationalResearchCouncilsenttwoengineerstosuperviseaseriesofexperimentsatatelephone-partsfactory
VBA中使用的3种选择函数,分别是IIf、Switch和________。
AntsasaBarometerofEcologicalChangeAtpicnics,antsarepests.Buttheyhavetheiruses.Inindustrieslsuchasmining
【1】【8】
Whatisthemostimportanttilingforwritingtheresearchpapers?
最新回复
(
0
)